94results about How to "Guarantee the construction progress" patented technology

The invention provides a tunnel engineering advanced geological forecasting method and system based on multi-source information fusion, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining multi-source geological data, carrying out the preprocessing and data fusion of the multi-source geological data, generating comprehensive geological data, carrying out the deep learning model based on a convolutional neural network architecture, extracting the features of the comprehensive geological data, and generating geological data. And the geological data are dynamically updated through a feedback optimization mechanism according to new address data obtained in the construction process. According to the method, the influence of complex geological conditions can be overcome, missed judgment or misjudgment of unfavorable geologic bodies is avoided, the accuracy, real-time performance and reliability of advanced geological forecast are improved, the construction safety of tunnel engineering is fundamentally ensured, and a guarantee is provided for the construction progress and cost control.

According to the earth-rock engineering model-based construction method based on three-dimensional laser scanning, airport earth-rock engineering is scanned based on the three-dimensional laser scanning technology, three-dimensional data of earth-rock is obtained, it is guaranteed that the obtained three-dimensional data can accurately reflect measurement data of the airport earth-rock engineering, and through the three-dimensional data based on the earth-rock engineering, the measurement data of the airport earth-rock engineering can be accurately reflected. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an earth-rock model by combining a BIM model, performing construction simulation in the earth-rock model based on construction requirements, determining target construction data according to a simulation result, ensuring the accuracy of the obtained target construction data, ensuring the construction progress and the construction quality, and finally constructing the airport earth-rock engineering according to the target construction data. And the target construction data is adjusted in real time based on the simulation construction result and the actual construction result of the earth-rock model, so that the real-time control and adjustment of the construction progress and quality are realized, and the construction progress and the construction quality are ensured.

The invention discloses a precast pile stress release hole for a soft soil foundation and a construction method, and the method comprises the following steps: S100, drawing a plane layout diagram of the stress release hole according to the field condition, and carrying out hole site lofting on the plane layout diagram; s200, a site hole site is determined according to the plane layout diagram, after a drilling machine is in place, hole guiding is conducted through the drilling machine, construction is conducted in cooperation with a punching and pulling machine, and a pile casing is buried into the site hole site; s300, a drilling machine is used for conducting rotary excavating and drilling operation in the sequence from slow to fast till the drilled hole reaches the preset depth, and hole completion of the soil hole is achieved; s400, the structure of the stress release unit is optimized according to the hole completion size of the soil hole, and the specific size suitable for the field actual engineering geology is determined; s500, the punching and pulling machine is used for being aligned with the center of the soil hole to hoist the stress releasing unit into the soil hole, and the stress releasing unit is controlled not to float upwards; and S600, the steel casing is slowly pulled out through vibration of a beating and pulling machine, and a cover plate is manufactured through a formwork batten to protect the hole opening of the stress release hole. And the problem of soil squeezing effect of the soft soil foundation is solved.

The invention provides a blasting vibration induced time-lag rock burst control method and device based on a micro-seismic event, and relates to the technical field of tunnel blasting, the method comprises the following steps: carrying out a blasting test on a test surrounding rock, and obtaining pre-blasting micro-seismic event data, post-blasting micro-seismic event data and blasting vibration speed of the test surrounding rock; acquiring an event increment and an event position of surrounding rock fracture induced by blasting vibration; surrounding rock damage grades are divided, and the blasting vibration threshold value of each surrounding rock damage grade is calculated according to the blasting vibration speed; optimizing blasting control parameters according to the damage grade of the surrounding rock; the actual surrounding rock is blasted through the optimized blasting control parameters, and the time-lag rock burst risk of the actual surrounding rock after blasting is judged according to the blasting vibration threshold value. The problems that surrounding rock fracture cannot be visually expressed through existing blasting vibration monitoring, the vibration control standard is set according to empirical values, and control thresholds for different lithology and different conditions are not accurate enough are solved.

The invention discloses an open-type TBM shield reserving in-situ dismantling method for a broken stratum water conveying tunnel. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a collapsed cavity in the top of a shield is backfilled, and broken surrounding rock is subjected to grouting reinforcement; 2, integrally welding the shield; 3, mounting a TBM host and a bridge area hoisting facility; 4, TBM rear matched hoisting facilities are installed, and TBM rear matched equipment is dismantled; fifthly, a main beam and a rear support of the TBM host are dismantled; sixthly, a main drive and a cutterhead of the TBM host are dismounted; and seventhly, grouting reinforcement is conducted on the top area of the cutter head and the top area of the shield. According to the method, the top shield, the side shield and the bottom shield are integrally welded through profile steel before dismantling, the shields are not dismantled and are reserved as permanent supporting bodies during dismantling, various hoisting devices are matched, in-situ safe and efficient dismantling in the TBM hole is achieved, the stability of rock around the hole is fully guaranteed, the construction risk is greatly reduced, and the construction safety and the construction progress are effectively guaranteed.

The invention relates to a portable device and method applied to an ultra-long distance engineering measurement control point, and the device comprises a welding frame, a top supporting rod, a forced centering disc, a prism, a lamp strip power line, a customized target board, and an LED lamp strip, the top supporting rod is welded at the top position of the welding frame, and the center of the top supporting rod is fixedly provided with the forced centering disc; the forced centering disc is used as a forced centering point for erecting a total station and a prism; the LED lamp strip is pasted to the center of the customized target board and connected with the power bank through the lamp strip connecting power line, so that the LED lamp strip is lightened, and the total station aims at the LED lamp strip to complete orientation. The portable device is convenient to operate and simple in structure, lossless installation can be achieved during roof operation, point location layout work can be rapidly and efficiently completed, and the construction progress and quality are guaranteed.

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a pipe jacking machine with a protection function and used for early-stage supporting of a tunnel, and solves the problems that in the prior art, as the top of the pipe jacking machine is lack of effective protection measures, once falling rocks and other sundries fall, the pipe jacking machine is possibly damaged, and even equipment failures are caused in serious situations. The construction progress is affected, the maintenance cost is increased, and the safety of constructors can be threatened. A pipe jacking machine with a protection function and used for early-stage supporting of a tunnel comprises a pipe jacking machine body and a top plate, and the top plate is arranged at the top of the pipe jacking machine body; connecting frames are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of the top plate. The top plate and the elastic supporting piece can be conveniently matched to elastically protect the top position of the pipe jacking machine, falling rocks in a tunnel are shielded, the pipe jacking machine is prevented from being damaged by the falling rocks, and the construction progress and the safety of equipment and personnel are guaranteed.

The invention relates to the technical field of anti-floating of underground engineering, in particular to a permanent and temporary combined active drainage anti-floating construction method based on a BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, which comprises the following steps: arranging a galvanized steel filter pipe below each column pier, welding a steel plate water stop ring on the outer side wall of each galvanized steel filter pipe, and collecting underground water through the galvanized steel filter pipes; after construction of the foundation slab is completed, a sealing plate is welded to the top end of the galvanized steel filter pipe, and a galvanized steel pipe and a plug are welded to the side face of the galvanized steel filter pipe; a PPR horizontal drainage pipe is arranged in a ground layer on the upper portion of a foundation bottom plate, a galvanized steel pipe is connected with the PPR horizontal drainage pipe through a three-way pipe, accumulated water of a galvanized steel filter pipe is guided into a nearby water collecting well of the area through the PPR horizontal drainage pipe, and the position of the pipeline is recorded through the BIM technology. According to the method, interference of underground water on foundation construction is reduced, maintenance and replacement of the horizontal drainage pipe in the use stage are facilitated, underground water is continuously drained in the operation stage in extreme climate, and damage to buildings due to rising of the underground water level is avoided.

This invention discloses a collaborative control system and method for construction equipment based on digital twins, belonging to the field of collaborative control technology for construction equipment. The invention includes: S10: obtaining a real-time construction simulation model of the construction site; S20: determining the risk control points to be constructed in the construction plan; S30: finding the associated marked intelligent construction equipment for the risk control points; S40: determining the collaborative construction control benchmark between the risk control points and each associated marked intelligent construction equipment; S50: performing collaborative control of the associated marked intelligent construction equipment for the risk control points. This invention, by determining the collaborative construction control benchmark between the target intelligent construction equipment and each associated marked intelligent construction equipment, determines the control timing and sequence of the central control platform for each associated marked intelligent construction equipment, thereby achieving collaborative control of intelligent construction equipment during the construction rectification process.

The invention discloses a soft rock large deformation control method and a rapid support system suitable for TBM tunnel construction method characteristics, the method is implemented based on an anchoring support system composed of a short anchoring support system and a long anchoring support system, and the method is suitable for an open TBM construction scene: in a TBM tunneling process, before a shield is exposed, the shield is not exposed, and the long anchoring support system is not exposed; a short anchoring support system of a full-length anchoring anchor rod structure is timely arranged in the radial direction of the 180-degree area of the upper half ring of the tunnel section through a cutter head edge cutter hole, and the short anchoring support system and a shield cooperate to form an initial deformation control system; after the shield is exposed, according to the deformation degree of the surrounding rock, full-length anchoring anchor rods or pre-stressed anchor cables are adopted in a graded mode, long anchoring supporting systems are arranged at intervals with the short anchoring supporting systems in a spiral mode, then the long anchoring supporting systems are cooperatively borne with steel arches, reinforcing meshes and sprayed concrete, and the long anchoring supporting systems are matched with 70m system sprayed concrete and 1000m secondary lining construction behind a tunnel face. According to the method, the displacement around the hole is effectively controlled, the TBM is prevented from being stuck, and the construction safety and efficiency of the open-type TBM in the soft rock large-deformation geology are improved.

The utility model discloses a kind of slope protection devices using plant fibre blanket, including slope body, the surface of slope body is laid with plant fibre blanket, a plurality of positioning ring parts are equipped on the plant fibre blanket, it is connected through rigid plate between adjacent positioning ring parts, plug post is slidably inserted in the positioning ring part, and plug post is inserted into slope body;The utility model fixes plant fibre blanket on slope body by positioning ring part cooperation plug post, and the integrity of plant fibre blanket is guaranteed by connecting positioning ring part together through rigid plate, form collaborative protection mechanism, improve the tensile strength of plant fibre blanket, plant fibre blanket is fixed stable, plant fibre blanket can avoid slipping from slope body, adapt to different slope gradient, construction is convenient, guarantee construction progress.

The application discloses a device foundation bolt lengthening method and a tightening device in the technical field of device installation, the tightening device comprises a handle and a mounting ring mounted on the end of the handle, the tightening device further comprises a sleeve ring rotatably mounted in the mounting ring, a plurality of groups of slotted holes are formed in the outer side wall of the sleeve ring, an insertion block for being inserted into the slotted holes is slidably arranged on the mounting ring, a pressing block is slidably arranged on the handle, and a connecting rope is arranged between the pressing block and the insertion block, in the application, a screw rod with a nut is processed, internal threads are processed on the screw rod, the screw rod with the nut is directly connected with a pre-buried bolt, the length of the pre-buried bolt is increased, normal installation and fixation of the device are ensured, the difficulty of construction is reduced, the construction period is shortened, the work efficiency is improved, the construction progress of the project is ensured, and the engineering cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a concrete support supporting structure for cast-in-place slabs and haunched positions. The concrete support supporting structure comprises a concrete support and a supporting system. The concrete support comprises a support body structure and a vertical rod butt joint structure located at the upper end of a support body. The support body structure is formed by pouring concrete, the surface of the support body structure is rough, and the height is equal to the thickness of a cast-in-place slab. The supporting system comprises a vertical rod, a bottom horizontal tube, a horizontal rod, a top support, a horizontal rod, a supporting block and a formwork. The lower end of each vertical rod is inserted into the vertical rod butt joint structure of the concrete support, the bottom of each vertical rod is fixedly connected with the bottom horizontal tube, and a T-shaped jacking is arranged on the upper portion of each vertical rod. A plurality of supporting blocks are arranged on the upper end face of the horizontal rod. The invention further discloses a corresponding mold and a construction method, the risk of water leakage is reduced, the stability and safety of a supporting system are improved when a plurality of concrete members are poured at the same time, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.

The present invention discloses an intelligent power supply device for construction sites, including a box body, a hollow rotating plate is rotatably connected at the upper and lower ends of the installation groove through a bearing member, a conductive rod is fixedly provided on the conductive rotating ring, and an industrial waterproof socket is electrically connected to the connecting wire; an air inlet pipe is symmetrically provided on one side of the bottom plate close to the box body, an action pipe and an air outlet pipe are connected on the air inlet pipe, a one-way valve 1 is provided in the air outlet pipe, a slide plate is movably provided in the action pipe, and a one-way valve 2 is provided in the air inlet pipe. The present invention provides an intelligent power supply device for construction sites, and the industrial waterproof socket can rotate 360° without dead angles, so as to meet the power supply needs of construction tools from all directions and prevent the bending of the wires from causing wear on the insulation layer. The device is easy to move and has a shock-absorbing function, and automatically performs air exchange and cooling while transporting and shock-absorbing. It has concentrated functions and is easy to use, and is very worthy of promotion.

The invention discloses a TBM double-track tunnel trackless transportation cross-line bypassing cushion layer rapid construction method, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction. According to the method, a construction area is divided into a plurality of construction sections in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel, construction and transport vehicle framing and side alternate operation is organized, and parallel cushion layer pouring and trackless transport are achieved; the method comprises the following steps of: performing radar detection and scabbling treatment on the top surface of an inverted arch block during construction preparation; installing a steel plate water stop belt, and penetrating through the ground beam and the drainage blind pipe; a detachable steel pipe is adopted for shaping and constructing a cushion drainage ditch; after a reinforcing mesh is laid, concrete pouring, multi-pass surface finishing, steam and heat preservation curing and temperature and humidity monitoring are conducted; by optimizing the construction organization and technology, the problems that transportation is interrupted, the construction period is long and cracking is prone to occurring in a traditional method are solved, efficient, high-quality and low-interference cushion layer construction is achieved, optimal construction parameters can be scientifically screened by setting a contrast test section, and adaptability is high.

The application discloses a pre-splitting anchor injection deformation control structure and method for high ground pressure rock roadway excavation, which comprises a roadway penetrating in a rock mass, two pre-splitting rock zones symmetrically arranged on the two sides below the roadway, the pre-splitting rock zones being arranged along the length of the roadway, the pre-splitting rock zone being a rock zone full of gravel and densely distributed cracks, the side wall surface of the roadway being sequentially provided with a concrete wall protection layer and a concrete anchor spraying layer, and a plurality of high-strength anchor rods, a lower arch part anchor cable, a high-pressure grouting anchor cable and an arch nest reinforcing grouting anchor cable being perpendicularly arranged in the inner wall of the roadway and extending into the rock mass, the application combines roadway support reinforcement and roadway blasting pressure relief two roadway reinforcement means, the pre-splitting rock zone is advanced along with the advancing face construction in the construction process, the influence of pre-splitting rock zone construction on support is avoided, the design of the arch nest reinforcing grouting anchor cable can secondarily reinforce the integrity and effectiveness of the roadway support system, and the method can make the roadway omit conventional steel support and other measures.

The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a double-limb thin-wall pier No.0 block bracket embedded part and a bracket, which comprise bracket embedded parts, at least two groups of bracket embedded parts are arranged along the vertical direction of a pier body and are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the pier body; comprising a bracket cross rod and a bracket inclined rod, one end of the bracket cross rod is fixedly connected with an upper end bracket embedded part, one end of the bracket inclined rod is fixedly connected with a lower end bracket embedded part, and the other end of the bracket inclined rod is fixedly connected with the other end, away from the upper end bracket embedded part, of the bracket cross rod. The embedded boxes and the shear parts on the two sides of the pier body can be fixedly connected through the shear part pull rods, and when the bracket embedded part is stressed, force can be transmitted to the embedded boxes and the shear parts on the two sides through the pull rods, so that the bracket embedded part can bear large bending shear stress.

The invention discloses a small-spacing tunnel interlayer rock reinforcing method and structure and a tunnel construction method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The small-spacing tunnel inter-rock reinforcement method comprises the steps that before a first tunnel and a second tunnel are excavated, a first large pipe shed is constructed in surrounding rock at the top of the first tunnel, a second large pipe shed is constructed in surrounding rock at the top of the second tunnel, and a third large pipe shed is constructed in surrounding rock at the top of inter-rock between the first tunnel and the second tunnel. According to the reinforcing method for the sandwiched rocks in the small-spacing tunnels, the method is carried out before tunnel excavation, the advanced pre-supporting structures are formed at the tops of the first tunnel, the second tunnel and the sandwiched rocks, surrounding rock pressure is borne in advance through the advanced pre-supporting structures, surrounding rock sedimentation is effectively limited, and in the later tunnel excavation process, the surrounding rock is effectively prevented from being damaged. The load borne by the middle clamping rock and the disturbance to the middle clamping rock are reduced, the construction safety is improved, and the construction progress is guaranteed.

A kind of steel beam concrete beam combined frame beam structure, including concrete beam reinforcement system, embedded part and steel beam, embedded part includes inner plate body and outer plate body, fixedly connected with cross bracing between inner plate body and outer plate body, cross bracing is transversely through the longitudinal reinforcement of beam reinforcement system and is located between adjacent hoop reinforcement, outer plate body is supported on the outside of longitudinal reinforcement, inner plate body is supported on the inside of longitudinal reinforcement, the both ends of steel beam are connected with the inner plate body on the beam reinforcement system of two sides respectively;The edge of the both sides of inner plate body is equipped with side baffle, and side baffle forms chute structure on inner plate body, and limiting bottom plate is arranged at the lower end of both sides of baffle;The frame beam support structure of the combination of the concrete beam and steel beam, while ensuring the support strength of light roof, it is not necessary to pour concrete in large area again, it is beneficial to ensure construction progress, reduce construction cost.

The invention discloses a D-shaped beam overhead jacking method. A prefabricated overhead system is formed by a D-shaped beam, a cross beam, a steel rail, a guard rail, a bridge sleeper and other components to reinforce an existing railway. In the construction process, firstly, a construction platform is built offline, and components such as D-shaped beams, cross beams, steel rails, guard rails and bridge pillows are assembled into an overhead system on the platform. And then the work of dismantling old rails and laying temporary guide rails can be carried out, and meanwhile the overhead system can be horizontally moved. And after the overhead system is moved to a specified position, the whole overhead system is moved to an overhead section by using a special moving trolley and a temporary guide rail, so that the connection and installation work of the rail can be carried out. After connection and installation, excavation of a lower line and jacking of the box culvert can be carried out according to regulations, and after jacking construction is completed, follow-up work of dismounting of overhead equipment and repairing and recovering of the line can be carried out; the construction efficiency and benefits are greatly improved.

An auxiliary feeding device of a steel belt armoring machine comprises an armoring machine body and a steel belt disc installed on a rotating shaft, a hanging bracket used for hoisting an armoring material disc is arranged above the steel belt disc, the hanging bracket is connected with a lifting hook in a sliding mode, and the lower portion of the lifting hook is fixedly connected with a grabbing assembly. According to the utility model, the grabbing assembly is additionally arranged above the armoring machine, so that the injury caused by carrying and adjusting personnel is fundamentally prevented, the labor intensity of the personnel is reduced, the production efficiency of a factory is greatly improved, the construction progress is better ensured, and the economic benefit of the factory is also greatly improved.

The application provides a pipe joint for pipe jacking construction, a pipe jacking device and a pipe jacking construction method. The pipe joint for pipe jacking construction comprises a pipe joint body and a flexible sleeve. The outer wall of the pipe joint body is provided with a first accommodating groove and a second accommodating groove. The flexible sleeve comprises a sleeve body and two fixing rings. The sleeve body is accommodated in the first accommodating groove after being laminated between the pipe walls of the first accommodating groove and the second accommodating groove. The fixing ring has a contracted state and an expanded state. When in the contracted state, the fixing ring is accommodated in the corresponding first accommodating groove or second accommodating groove. When in the expanded state, the fixing ring can expand radially to be separated from the corresponding first accommodating groove or second accommodating groove. The application can form a mud sleeve in a stratum such as a sand pebble layer which is not easy to form a mud sleeve, thereby reducing the frictional resistance when the subsequent pipe joint body is pushed forward, solving the problems that the mud loss is large in the sand pebble stratum and the mud sleeve is difficult to form, and helping to improve the construction efficiency and ensure the construction progress.

The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a mass concrete winter construction crack control method which comprises a construction point used for concrete pouring. The top of the construction point is provided with a supporting framework, the top of the supporting framework is provided with the temperature control component, and the temperature control component is used for concrete curing in winter. According to the method, concrete can still be poured in the cold winter period, and cracks are controlled from the aspect of the concrete mixing proportion; different construction processes are adopted, cracks are controlled, the concrete temperature is monitored to control the cracks, the overall construction progress is not affected, in order to guarantee the construction progress, the concrete pouring quality and the like, a greenhouse temperature method and a film covering and watering maintenance method are adopted, and although the economic benefit does not reach the expected effect, the overall construction progress is not affected. However, after a long time, the method has great social benefits.

The invention relates to an automatic sand laying device for a directly-buried pipe, and the device comprises a laying trolley, a control panel, an adjustable conveying device, a field leveling mechanical arm, a host power system assembly, a particle size control net, walking wheels, an elevation control unit, and a push-pull handle. A main engine power system assembly is arranged in the laying trolley below the control panel, an adjustable conveying device is arranged on the side face of one side of the laying trolley, an elevation control unit is arranged on the end face of the laying trolley, walking wheels are arranged at the bottom of the laying trolley, and a field leveling mechanical arm is arranged on the outer surface of the lower portion of the laying trolley in an extending mode. The device has the beneficial effects that the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the action is flexible, the laying quality is high, the workload of constructors is reduced, the elevation of the bottom of a foundation pit is effectively controlled, and the construction progress is ensured.

The invention discloses a self-drilling anchor rod capable of achieving double-rotation-direction drilling and a manufacturing process thereof.The self-drilling anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, and double-rotation-direction threaded sections are arranged at the two ends of the anchor rod body correspondingly; the right-handed threads rotate clockwise along the whole periphery of the two ends of the anchor rod body, the left-handed threads rotate anticlockwise along the whole periphery of the two ends of the anchor rod body, and the right-handed threads and the left-handed threads are machined independently, so that the right-handed threads and the left-handed threads are mutually crossed and overlapped. According to the self-drilling anchor rod, the large-diameter anchor rod and the small-diameter anchor rod can meet the adaptation of anchoring drilling machines with different thread rotating directions without distinguishing left-hand threads and right-hand threads, the universality of the self-drilling anchor rod is achieved, stock management of factories is facilitated, the delivery date of products is shortened, in addition, the self-drilling anchor rod meets the fastening performance of assembly connection, and the service life of the self-drilling anchor rod is prolonged. The stress can be uniformly dispersed and well transmitted, and the anchoring strength can be effectively improved.

The utility model discloses a sediment separator which comprises a base, a supporting frame arranged at the upper end of the base, a diluting barrel arranged at the upper end of the supporting frame, a water inlet pipe arranged on the upper side of one end of the diluting barrel, a lower sealing cover arranged at the lower end of the diluting barrel, an upper top cover arranged at the upper end of the diluting barrel, and a stirring mechanism arranged at the lower end of the upper top cover. A first motor is arranged in the mud bucket, a plug is arranged at the output end of the first motor, a centrifugal barrel is arranged at the upper end of the plug, a slot corresponding to the plug is formed in the lower end of the centrifugal barrel, and a jacking assembly is arranged at the upper end of the base. The device is simple and easy to operate, time investment is reduced, construction cost is reduced, the situation that the mud index time is reduced too long by manual water adding is avoided, the drilling pile construction progress is guaranteed, working procedure operation time is reduced, the construction period is shortened, compared with a manual water adding mode, the better effect is achieved, the pile foundation hole collapse phenomenon can be prevented, and the construction efficiency is improved. The method is suitable for wide popularization and application.

The utility model relates to a device for optimizing installation of a ladder stand of an inspection well, and belongs to the technical field of construction tools. The device comprises an adjustable base and a scale rod installed on the upper portion of the adjustable base. A graduated scale for indicating height is vertically arranged on the scale rod, and the height of the graduated scale on the scale rod is adjustable; the bottom of the adjustable base is provided with a knob for adjusting height and levelness, and the top is fixedly provided with a balance bubble. Aiming at the defects that the installation of the ladder stand without the inspection well wastes labor, the installation precision is poor and the standard rate is low, the construction method is improved, and the researched and developed device for optimizing the installation of the ladder stand obviously improves the construction efficiency, effectively reduces the labor cost, reduces the phenomenon that the installation of the ladder stand is not standard, and ensures the progress and the quality of engineering construction.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a subway air shaft for air duct reconstruction and connection, comprising the following steps: 1. cutting a part of the above-ground structure of the original air shaft (10); 2. partially closing the original air shaft and providing a top ventilation structure (11) and a side ventilation structure (12); 3. constructing a new air shaft (20) and leaving an air shaft connection area (30) between the new air shaft and the original air shaft; 4. completely covering the connection part between the original air shaft and the air shaft connection area through a retaining wall (101) and an isolation plate (102) in the original air shaft; 5. constructing the air shaft connection area and its connection part with the original air shaft; 6. removing the retaining wall, connecting the original air shaft, the air shaft connection area and the new air shaft, and completely closing the original air shaft; 7. removing the above-ground part of the original air shaft and constructing upper waterproofing and earthwork backfilling. The invention can ensure the safe construction of the new air shaft and the air shaft connection area by retaining part of the structure and ventilation function of the original air shaft, which is conducive to shortening the construction period of the air duct connection reconstruction and does not affect the subway operation.

The application discloses a flat car for rail transit and a brake device thereof, and belongs to the field of rail transit. The brake device comprises an operating rod, a brake mechanism, a locking clamp, a buckle, a locking clamp connecting piece, a locking clamp driving piece, a first reset mechanism and a second reset mechanism. The operating rod is connected with the brake mechanism through a first connecting rod, and the brake mechanism is arranged close to a wheel. The first end of the locking clamp connecting piece is connected with the locking clamp, and the second end of the locking clamp connecting piece is connected with the locking clamp driving piece. The locking clamp is provided with a notch, the notch can be locked in cooperation with the buckle or can be separated from the buckle. The buckle is arranged on a first support. When the notch is buckled with the buckle, the brake device is in a locked state. When the notch is not buckled with the buckle, the brake device is in an unlocked state. The flat car for rail transit and the brake device thereof can improve the safety of the flat car, guarantee the safety of the staff and improve the work efficiency.

The utility model discloses a kind of anti-rollover scaffold, including support seat, support seat is set in the bottom of scaffold, reinforcing part is set in the both sides of support seat, reinforcing part includes mounting block, connecting block, support plate and base, mounting block is located in the upper end of support plate, connecting block is set in the both ends of support plate, base is set in the bottom of support plate, limiting piece is set between connecting block and support plate.The utility model can flexibly adjust the reinforcing part of use height and angle, so that it can be adjusted according to the actual use of scaffold, adapt to different construction environment and demand, the both ends of support plate are connected with mounting block and base through connecting block, can effectively disperse the weight and external force of scaffold, prevent scaffold from tilting.