The invention discloses a PCBA (printed circuit board assembly) detecting device and a detecting method. The detecting device comprises a code scanning gun, a clamp, a displayer, a control module, a server, a core control system, a digital multimeter module, a simulative battery module, a programmable direct current power module and a direct current electronic load, and others; the core control system comprises a power processing unit, a control unit, a sampling unit, a communication unit, a dry contact unit, a charging machine simulative unit, a small load unit, an insulation simulating unit, a switch matrix unit, a NTC detecting unit, a clock detecting unit and a digital input/output unit. The PCBA detecting device and the detecting method apply a brand-new software framework to realize the complete automation of the function testing process, and the resource is fully used; meanwhile, data is accessed to a MES system and can be checked at any time and any place in the era of unblocked network; moreover, the whole detecting device is convenient to operate and has the advantages of greatly improving the testing efficiency and reducing the testing cost of the factory PCBA.