84results about How to "Improve emission characteristics" patented technology

An internal combustion engine that has a pair of cylinders each having a reciprocating piston connected to a crank shaft by a connecting rod. One of the cylinders is adapted for an air and fuel intake and a compression strokes only, and the other of the cylinders adapted for at least power and exhaust strokes. A conduit exists for transfer of gases from the one into the other cylinder after the compression stroke. The conduit has means for isolating gases in the conduit intermediate the compression and power strokes. Furthermore, the conduit is designed to prevent the transfer of liquefied fuel from the one cylinder to the other.

There are provided a novel carbazole compound and an organic light-emitting device having an optical output with extremely high efficiency and luminance and having extremely high durability. Specifically, there are provided a novel carbazole compound represented by the general formula (1):wherein Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted bipyridine group, a substituted or unsubstituted terpyridine group, or a substituted or unsubstituted 4,5-diazafluorene group and is bonded to any of the eight available carbon atoms on the carbazole skeleton, and an organic light-emitting device using the carbazole compound.

A fabrication method for an emitter includes the steps of forming on a glass substrate a CNT film which contains a plurality of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and constitutes an emitter electrode, forming a gate electrode via an insulating film on the CNT film, forming a plurality of gate openings in the gate electrode and the insulating film, and aligning upright the CNTs in the gate opening. The upright alignment generates a stable uniform emission current and provides excellent emission characteristics.

Light emitting devices and methods are disclosed that provide improved light output. The devices have an LED mounted to a substrate, board or submount characterized by improved reflectivity, which reduces the absorption of LED light. This increases the amount of light that can emit from the LED device. The LED devices also exhibit improved emission characteristics by having a reflective coating on the submount that is substantially non-yellowing. One embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention comprises a submount having a circuit layer. A reflective coating is included between at least some of the elements of the circuit layer. A light emitting diode mounted to the circuit layer, the reflective coating being reflective to the light emitted by the light emitting diode. In some embodiments, the reflective coating comprises a carrier with scattering particles having a different index of refraction than said carrier material.

Methods and systems for controlling an internal combustion engine are provided. One example method may include closing an intake valve later during a cylinder cycle than a timing with which an amount of air inducted into a cylinder from an air intake passage would be maximized, and earlier during the cylinder cycle as a desired amount of air to be inducted into the cylinder increases, while an engine is operating at a given engine speed. The method may further include closing the intake valve earlier during a cylinder cycle as the engine speed increases when the desired amount of air to be inducted into the cylinder is at a maximum.

An intake port of an internal combustion engine 10 is provided with a fuel injection valve 22. An intake adjustment mechanism 30 for varying the valve timing of an intake valve 24 and an exhaust adjustment mechanism 32 for varying the valve timing of an exhaust valve 26 are furnished. Immediately after internal combustion engine startup, fuel atomization is facilitated by exercising control so that the valve opening timing for the intake valve 24 coincides with a retarded valve opening timing after exhaust top dead center. In such an instance, the fuel introduced into a cylinder is inhibited from adhering to the exhaust valve 26 and its neighborhood by exercising control in such a manner that the valve closing timing for the exhaust valve 26 coincides with a retarded vale closing timing, which is retarded from a normal valve closing timing.

To provide a phosphor for manufacturing an one chip type LED illumination, etc, by combining a near ultraviolet / ultraviolet LED and a blue LED, and having an excellent emission efficiency including luminance. The phosphor is given as a general composition formula expressed by MmAaBbOoNn:Z, (where element M is one or more kinds of elements having bivalent valency, element A is one or more kinds of elements having tervalent valency, element B is one or more kinds of elements having tetravalent valency, O is oxygen, N is nitrogen, and element Z is one or more kinds of elements acting as an activator.), satisfying a=(1+x)×m, b=(4−x)×m, o=x×m, n=(7−x)×m, 0≦x≦1, wherein when excited by light in a wavelength range from 300 nm to 500 nm, the phosphor has an emission spectrum with a peak wavelength in a range from 500 nm to 620 nm.

The present invention provides an optical signal transmitter and a method for controlling a polarization multiplexed optical signal. The optical signal transmitter includes: first outer modulator to generate first modulated optical signal, the first outer modulator including a pair of optical paths and a first phase shifter to give phase difference to the pair of optical paths; second outer modulator to generate second modulated optical signal, the second outer modulator including a pair of optical paths and a second phase shifter to give phase difference to the pair of optical paths; combiner to generate polarization multiplexed optical signal by combining the first and second modulated optical signals; phase controller to control the phase difference by the first phase shifter to A-[Delta][phi] and control the phase difference by the second phase shifter to A+[Delta][phi]; and power controller to control at least one of the first and second outer modulators based on AC component of the polarization multiplexed optical signal.

The invention discloses a modularized pulverized coal clean combustion device, relating to a combustion device for a boiler. The modularized pulverized coal clean combustion device comprises a cylindrical burning chamber arranged in the foreside of the boiler; the central part of the upper head face of the burning chamber is provided with a cyclone burner; the middle of the burning chamber is provided with a shrinking waist which divides the burning chamber into an upper burning chamber and a lower burning chamber, wherein the upper burning chamber is connected with a primary wind pulverized coal inlet with direct current incision; the upper and the lower burning chambers are connected with a secondary wind spout with direct current incision; the central part of the bottom of the lower burning chamber is provided with a mouth; a detritus tank is arranged on the corresponding position of the mouth; the tail of the lower burning chamber is connected with the boiler through a burnout chamber. The modularized pulverized coal clean combustion device can be directly in modularized butt joint with a pressed body of the prior boiler, is suitable for burning various pulverized coals, improves thermal efficiency, replaces the prior coal blocks or fuel gas as fuel and has good environment-friendly effect.

The invention provides a double-sparking-plug mixed fuel rotor engine and a control method of the double-sparking-plug mixed fuel rotor engine. After coming out of a storage tank, hydrogen sequentially passes through a pressure reducing valve, a hydrogen flow meter and an inflaming retarding valve and then enters the rotor engine to be combusted from a hydrogen spray nozzle on the wall face of a combustion chamber. After coming out of a storage tank, gasoline passes through an oil pump and an oil consumption meter and then enters an air intake channel from an oil spray nozzle installed on theair intake channel, and the oil enters the combustion chamber to be combusted along with the intake air. An ECU controls sparking plugs to conduct ignition according to the work condition of the engine. A hydrocarbon concentration sensor located on an exhaust channel detects the hydrocarbon concentration in exhausted gas and sends the hydrocarbon concentration signal to the ECU. According to the double-sparking-plug mixed fuel rotor engine and the control method of the double-sparking-plug mixed fuel rotor engine, the rotation speed of the engine and the opening degree of a throttle valve areused as signals, in combination with the signals of the hydrocarbon concentration sensor and an air flow meter, the hydrogen spray time and amount are controlled, the combustion efficiency of the rotor engine is improved by means of the double-sparking plug structure, and emission of harmful matter is lowered.

An improved fire grate may provide fresh oxygen rich air to a secondary combustion zone, created by the improved fire grate, of a combustion chamber where a combustion gas stream is typically oxygen starved assisting in the burning process of incompletely burned particulates and reducing other harmful emissions. A baffle plate may be introduced in the secondary combustion zone to increase a combustion chamber temperature, encourage mixing of oxygen starved air with oxygen rich air and increase a residence time of the combustion gas within the combustion chamber. These aspects of the baffle plate promote more efficient burning of the biomass / fuel. Additionally, log lighter(s) may be disposed in the secondary combustion zone to increase a temperature of the combustion chamber for the purposes of reducing harmful emissions. The improved fire grate may be horizontally and vertically adjusted to fit within different sized fireplace combustion chambers.

A tunable lighting source, especially for a microscope, which contains a laser, in which the lighting source delivers spectrally variable and spatially coherent radiation. The tunable lighting source is based on a structured substrate coated with a laser medium, the structured substrate provided with the laser medium having a geometrically variable structure and delivering spatially coherent radiation by energy excitation.

LED components are described having primary optics provide improved LED component emission characteristics. Light fixtures are also described that utilize the LED components to provide improved light fixture emissions. One LED component according to the present invention comprises an LED chip emitting an LED chip emission pattern. A primary optic is included directly on the LED chip with LED light from the LED chip passing through the primary optic. The primary optic shapes the LED emission pattern into an LED component emission pattern with the LED component emission pattern being broader than the LED chip emission pattern.

The invention relates to a dual fuel engine combustion closed-loop control method based on an analysis of a heat release rate. The dual fuel engine combustion closed-loop control method based on the analysis of the heat release rate includes the steps that a parameter of a dual fuel engine is measured through a sensor; a cylinder pressure is used for inputting and calculating the heat release rate of each air cylinder through a heat release rate calculating method aimed at the dual fuel engine; the heat release rate character is analyzed according to test signals of the rotating speed, the knock and the inlet and exhaust gas temperature of an engine; optimal control is conducted on each air cylinder according to analysis results. According to the dual fuel engine combustion closed-loop control method based on the analysis of the heat release rate, the optimal control is conducted on engine combustion process through detection of the dual fuel engine and calculating of the heat release rate, the method can not only optimize dynamic property, economy and emission characters of the dual fuel engine and improve the utilization rate of fuel and at the same time can reduce the work inhomogeneity between each cylinder, so that the engine operation is more stable, and the service life is prolonged.

An improved polymerization process using a specific molecular weight regulator makes it possible to produce new nitrile rubbers featuring particularly low emission values and giving vulcanizates which have an advantageous profile of properties and which are of outstanding quality, in particular in odour-sensitive applications.

The invention discloses a two-cycle aviation piston engine drive lubrication cylinder sleeve inner wall laser micro-texturing structure design method. The method comprises the steps that firstly, through analysis modeling on boundary lubrication of the two friction pairs including a piston ring-a cylinder sleeve and a piston skirt-the cylinder sleeve which are abraded most severely, micro texturesfollowing the optimal arranging rules are arranged on the surface of the cylinder sleeve in a targeted mode, pits of the micro textures are filled with various abrasive particles in the up-down strokes of a piston and the piston ring, the cylinder sleeve is prevented from being damaged during pulling, and accordingly, the service lives of the cylinder sleeve and an engine comprising the cylindersleeve are prolonged; and secondly, the micro textures following the optimal arranging rules are utilized for organizing motion of lubricating oil film, the oil film is prevented from being broken, the velocity of motion of the lubricating oil film in the axial direction of an air cylinder is decreased, the component velocity in the circumferential direction of the piston ring is increased, thus,the amount of lubricating oil entering a combusting chamber is decreased, and consumption of the lubricating oil is reduced. Meanwhile, the flow rate of the oil film in the circumferential direction of the piston ring is increased, lubrication is improved, the airtightness of a piston ring set is improved simultaneously, and consumption of the lubricating oil is reduced.

The invention discloses a glutathione-protected strong-fluorescence-emission gold-platinum alloy nano-cluster and a controllable preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of strong near-infrared light-emitting metal nano-cluster materials. A chloroauric acid trihydrate aqueous solution and a chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate aqueous solution are used as a gold source and a platinum source, sodium citrate is used as a reducing agent, and glutathione is used as a stabilizer and a ligand. The preparation method comprises the steps: uniformly mixing the chloroauric acid trihydrate aqueous solution and the chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate aqueous solution, adding a glutathione solution into the mixed solution, uniformly mixing, and adding a sodium citrate solution; and transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 100-120 DEG C for 30-210 min, and thus obtaining a glutathione-protected strong-fluorescence-emission gold-platinum alloy nano-cluster solution. Controllable preparation of the gold-platinum alloy nano-cluster with quite high stability for two different fluorescence emissions is realized by finely regulating and controlling experimental conditions such as reaction time, reaction temperature and a feeding ratio of reaction raw materials.

The invention relates to high-octane unleaded synthetic gasoline-low carbon mixed alcohol gasoline, which belongs to the substitution fuel field. The invention adopts low- octane gasoline, high-octane low carbon mixed alcohol and auxiliary proper additive agent, therefore not only the invention can improve the octane value of gasoline, decrease the emission of CO and HC in the automobile exhaust, obviously reduce the generation of intake valve deposits, but also the allocated gasoline is not required to be added with any additive agent being helpful for dissolution, and the invention has good mutual solubility. The synthetic gasoline does not have bad corrosivity and corrosion, has the advantages of good oxidation resistance, good explosion resistance, good security, good stability and good detergency property, can directly replace the gasoline and is used for various vehicles, is very favorable for the environment protection and the energy conservation, and has good economic and social benefits. The manufacturing method is simple and feasible, and is easy for promotion.

Disclosed herein is an antenna device includes a first metal layer having a first slit, an antenna coil having an inner diameter area overlapping with the first slit in planar view and a coil axis perpendicular to the first metal layer, and a first magnetic layer provided on a back surface of the first metal layer, which faces the antenna coil, and provided outside of the antenna coil in planar view. An upper surface of the first magnetic layer facing the back surface of the first metal layer is positioned closer than a far end surface of the antenna coil to the back surface of the first metal layer along the coil axis, as viewed from the back surface of the first metal layer, or is positioned in the same plane as the far end of the antenna coil.

An automatic choke system includes: a wax-type temperature sensing section; and an output section which opens a choke valve of a carburetor in response to heat receiving operation of the temperature sensing section. Temperature sensing section includes: a bottomed cylindrical housing attached to an engine with its bottom portion directed to a high-temperature portion of the engine; a bottomed movable cylinder; a stationary piston slidably supported by the movable cylinder and having one end protruding out of the movable cylinder; and a wax contained in the movable cylinder in a sealed manner, and causing the movable cylinder and the stationary piston to move relative to each other in an axial direction. The movable cylinder is slidably housed in the housing in a state in which an outer end of the stationary piston abuts against an inner surface of the bottom portion of the housing. The output section is connected to the movable cylinder. Thus, the rate of opening of the choke valve can be increased immediately after the start of engine warming-up operation, and reduced as approaching the completion of engine warming-up operation.

An improved fire grate may provide fresh oxygen rich air to a secondary combustion zone, created by the improved fire grate, of a combustion chamber where a combustion gas stream is typically oxygen starved assisting in the burning process of incompletely burned particulates and reducing other harmful emissions. A baffle plate may be introduced in the secondary combustion zone to increase a combustion chamber temperature, encourage mixing of oxygen starved air with oxygen rich air and increase a residence time of the combustion gas within the combustion chamber. These aspects of the baffle plate promote more efficient burning of the biomass / fuel. Additionally, log lighter(s) may be disposed in the secondary combustion zone to increase a temperature of the combustion chamber for the purposes of reducing harmful emissions. The improved fire grate may be horizontally and vertically adjusted to fit within different sized fireplace combustion chambers.

An improved fire grate may provide fresh oxygen rich air to a secondary combustion zone, created by the improved fire grate, of a combustion chamber where a combustion gas stream is typically oxygen starved assisting in the burning process of incompletely burned particulates and reducing other harmful emissions. A baffle plate may be introduced in the secondary combustion zone to increase a combustion chamber temperature, encourage mixing of oxygen starved air with oxygen rich air and increase a residence time of the combustion gas within the combustion chamber. These aspects of the baffle plate promote more efficient burning of the biomass / fuel. Additionally, log lighter(s) may be disposed in the secondary combustion zone to increase a temperature of the combustion chamber for the purposes of reducing harmful emissions.

The invention discloses a field emission display encapsulating method capable of realizing growth of a CuO nano wire in an encapsulating process. According to the method disclosed by the invention, preparation of the CuO nano wire by adopting thermal oxidation and sintering of low-melting-point glass powder are synchronously carried out, and a CuO nano wire cold cathode can grow on a cathode substrate of the field emission display while the low-melting-point glass powder is solidified. The method disclosed by the invention has a simple process, a process flow of the field emission display is simplified, manufacturing cost can be saved, and influence of the sintering process in encapsulating to emission characteristic of the CuO nano wire cold cathode also can be avoided.

The invention provides a high-energy terahertz pulse generating device and method. The high-energy terahertz pulse generating device comprises a femtosecond laser, a reflecting grating, a half wave plate, an imaging lens and a lithium niobate crystal combined structure, wherein pump femtosecond laser light emitted from the femtosecond laser is diffracted onto the half wave plate; after the polarization direction of the pump femtosecond laser light is changed by the half wave plate, the pump femtosecond laser light enters the lithium niobate crystal combined structure after passing through theimaging lens, and therefore, terahertz pulse radiation is generated in a lithium niobate crystal plate. The lithium niobate crystal combined structure comprises an isosceles triangle shaped prismy lithium niobate crystal and the lithium niobate crystal plate, wherein the base angle of the isosceles triangle shaped prismy lithium niobate crystal is 62-63 degrees; the apical angle of the isosceles triangle shaped prismy lithium niobate crystal is 54-56 degrees; the thickness of the lithium niobate crystal plate is 1-5 mm; the lithium niobate crystal plate completely covers a cylindrical surfaceon which the bottom side of the isosceles triangle shaped prismy lithium niobate crystal is located through an optical contact method; and three cylindrical surfaces of the isosceles triangle shaped prismy lithium niobate crystal are optically polished.

The invention relates to a method for lambda adjustment and ignition angle adjustment of combustion in an internal combustion engine provided with at least one cylinder. The optimum air-fuel ratio or the optimum ignition angle is determined by the following features. The features can be used for determining an estimated value of torque and are based on analysis on the rotation speed of a crankshaft in the internal combustion engine. The invention also provides a corresponding device, especially an engine control unit provided with at least one adjusting unit and a storage unit to implement the method. As an adjusting parameter, the injected fuel amount or the ignition angle changes among different values from a next combustion circle to a directly or indirectly followed combustion circle, and changes of the features based on the rotation speed are analyzed to estimate the torque. By utilization of the method and the device, the efficiency or the maximum power is increased or discharge of harmful compounds is reduced, or a trade-off scheme for achieving all standards as good as possible can be obtained.

There is provided a plasma display panel device using phosphors to improve reliability and color reproductivity or color performance. A plasma display panel includes: a discharge gas for generating ultraviolet light as a result of electric discharge, and a phosphor layer containing a phosphor for emitting light as a result of excitation by the ultraviolet light, in which the phosphor contains an Eu activated silicate phosphor added with at least one element selected from Al, Ga, Y and Gd, represented by the following General Formula (1):M13-yM2Si2O8:Euy (1)wherein M1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Ca, and Sr; M2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg and Zn; and y satisfies the condition of 0.001≦y≦0.2.