The invention relates to a large-load hydraulic bidirectional loading apparatus. According to the invention, servo cylinders respectively positioned in a loading cylinder and symmetrically and axially distributed along a thrust plate are adopted. A plurality of oil duct pipes are arranged between the servo cylinders and the loading cylinder. An oil channel A and an oil channel B are respectively arranged at a box body and a box cover. The oil channel A penetrates the surface of the thrust plate through the loading cylinder, the oil duct pipes, and the servo cylinders. The oil channel B penetrates a bonding interface of the loading cylinder and the servo cylinders through the loading cylinder. One end of a thrust shaft is connected to a driving apparatus through a coupler, and inputs power. The other end of the thrust shaft outputs power through a flange plate. With existing large-load thrust loading apparatuses, mechanical loading or electric loading is adopted, such that an interface of rotation parts can easily get abraded, and service life and efficiency are influenced. Further more, independent function requirements of heavy load and high-speed rotation can not be satisfied simultaneously by mechanical loading and electric loading, and a structure is complex. With the apparatus provided by the invention, the defects are overcome. The apparatus is suitable to be used as a matched loading apparatus in industries such as mining, electricity, coal, metallurgy, transportation, chemical industry, water conservancy, machine tools, and the like.