41results about How to "Meet pressure needs" patented technology

The invention discloses an energy accumulation type sprayer and a spraying frame. The sprayer is characterized in that a flow inlet end head of a spraying head is connected with a flow inlet and outlet opening of an energy accumulation container through a soft water pipe fitting, or the sprayer is provided with the spraying frame arranged on the energy accumulation container, and the spraying head can be arranged on the spraying frame. The spraying frame is connected by a lateral transverse rod or / and vertical rod or through a connecting component, and can be arranged on a sprayer container body, the spraying head is arranged in the rod elements, or the spraying head is installed by a clamping element, and the soft water pipe fitting is connected with the flow inlet and outlet opening of the sprayer. The sprayer can also be provided with a lamination pump for pressurized flow supply to the energy accumulation container, and the sprayer is provided with a breathing apparatus arranged on the container body. The invention solves the problems such as heavy weight, high energy consumption, high cost, small spraying covering area, slow speed, low production rate, high work intensity, large pesticide suction amount and the like of the existing sprayer, and can adapt to different crops, plants and other wider purposes. When being used for plane or three-dimensional large-area spraying, the invention has higher efficiency.

The invention provides a three-level or four-level variable displacement machine oil pump based on double switch electromagnetic valves. A dual-variable feedback cavity structure is adopted; one variable feedback cavity is directly connected with a pump outlet; the other variable feedback cavity is controlled by a pressure control valve; and the control valve comprises two independent control cavities which communicate with a main oil passage and are controlled by the switch electromagnetic valves. The two switch electromagnetic valves enable the pressure control valve to have four different pressure control modes under four different combined states which are off-off, on-off, off-on and on-on, and an oil pump correspondingly forms four different pressure control modes, so that pressure demands of an engine under different working conditions can be met, the aim of getting close to pressure control actually required by the engine is achieved, and power conservation of the three-level orfour-level variable displacement machine oil pump based on the double switch electromagnetic valves is close to power conservation of a continuous variable displacement machine oil pump controlled byadopting an electro-hydraulic proportional valve; and in addition, a control mode is simple and reliable in logic, the response is fast, the pressure control is stable, and the pressure fluctuation is small.

The invention discloses a hybrid power transmission hydraulic system. The system comprises a high pressure oil path, a low pressure oil path, a first oil path and a second oil path, wherein one end ofthe high pressure oil path is connected to an oil tank, the other end of the high pressure oil path is correspondingly connected to one end of the first oil path and one end of the second oil path, the other end of the first oil path is connected with a clutch oil cylinder, the other end of the second oil path is connected with the low pressure oil path, one end of the low pressure oil path is connected with the oil tank, the other end of the low pressure oil path is connected with all heating parts of a motor, the high pressure oil path is provided with a high pressure oil pump, the low pressure oil path is provided with a low pressure oil pump, the first oil path is provided with a clutch solenoid valve, and the second oil path is provided with a first overflow valve as a system valve.The hybrid power transmission hydraulic system aims to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, a hybrid power transmission hydraulic system cannot meet the pressure requirement of a wet clutch and the flow requirement of motor heat dissipation under various different working conditions and is large in hydraulic loss.

The invention discloses a membrane system for realizing high-power concentration, and belongs to the technical field of water pollution treatment. The system comprises a pretreatment system, a high-concentration membrane system, a water production tank and a secondary membrane system. The pretreatment system is connected with the high-concentration membrane system, the high-concentration membranesystem is connected with the water production tank, and the water production tank is connected with the secondary membrane system; and in addition, the water production tank is connected with the high-concentration membrane system, and the secondary membrane system is connected with the high-concentration membrane system. According to the system, the osmotic pressure difference between a concentrated water side and a water production side is reduced by controlling the desalination rate of the membrane assembly, so that high-power concentration is realized under relatively low operation pressure, and the highest concentration can be close to a saturated state.

The invention discloses a cable extruder head, comprising an extruder head body, wherein the extruder head body is of a conical structure; outer membrane groups are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the extruder head body; each outer membrane group is composed of a gap between two adjacent outer membrane rings; the outer membrane groups are fixed on the extruder head body; a cylinder is connected between the outer membrane group on the lower surface of the extruder head body and the extruder head body, and is fixed between the extruder head body and the outer membrane group; a cooling jacket is arranged on the lower surface of the outer membrane group on the lower surface of the extruder head body, clads the outer membrane groups and the cylinder, and is made of a stretching material; and at least two inner cores are transversely arranged in the extruder head body. The cable extruder head is capable of achieving once molding and extruding of a plurality of layers of cables, processing the cables according to the actual requirements, and effectively meeting the pressure requirements of liquid rubber, so that the cable extruder head is not easily blocked, and meanwhile, the problem of low working efficiency caused by repeated processing of the cables can be avoided, and the problem of surface damages caused by processing the cables for a plurality of times can be avoided.

The invention discloses a method for preparing dichlorosilane, which comprises the following steps: under the condition that anion exchange resin is taken as a catalyst, trichlorosilane is enabled to be in disproportionation reaction to obtain a reaction product containing silicon tetrachloride and dichlorosilane; dichlorosilane is separated from the reaction product. Through the application of the method, dichlorosilane is prepared safely and efficiently, the method is low in cost, low in reaction temperature and pressure, safe, easy to operate, strong in adaptability, and free from pollution, and the quality of prepared dichlorosilane is very good.

The invention discloses a cable extruding machine head, which comprises a machine head body, the machine head body has a conical structure, an outer film group is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the machine head body, and the outer film group consists of two adjacent outer film The outer membrane group is fixed on the machine head body, and a cylinder is connected between the outer membrane group and the machine head body on the lower surface of the machine head body, and the cylinder is fixed between the machine head body and the outer membrane group , and the lower surface of the outer membrane group located on the lower surface of the head body is provided with a cooling jacket, the cooling jacket covers the outer membrane group and the cylinder is set, the cooling jacket is made of tensile material, and the inner core is arranged horizontally in the head body , with at least two inner cores. The cable extruder head can realize multi-layer cable molding and extrusion at one time, and the cable can be processed according to actual needs, which can effectively meet the pressure demand of the liquid rubber material, making it less prone to clogging, and at the same time avoiding damage caused by repeated processing of the cable. The problem of low work efficiency, as well as the problem of surface damage caused by repeated cable processing.

The invention discloses a pressure reducing valve which comprises a shell, a valve seat, a valve element assembly, a damping disc, an ejector pin, a diaphragm, a main spring seat, a main spring, a supporting disc and an adjusting piece; the shell is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and an auxiliary spring seat is arranged at the end of the shell; the valve seat is arranged in the shell; the valve element assembly is arranged on the valve seat, an auxiliary spring outer sleeve is arranged at the top of the valve element assembly, auxiliary springs are arranged on the auxiliary spring outersleeve and the auxiliary spring seat, and the auxiliary springs apply downward pre-tightening force to the valve element assembly; the damping disc is arranged below the valve element assembly, and aplurality of feedback holes are formed in the damping disc in the circumferential direction; the diaphragm is arranged below the damping disc, one end of the ejector pin makes contact with one side of the diaphragm, and the other end of the ejector pin penetrates through the damping disc to abut against the bottom of the valve element assembly; the main spring is arranged between the main springseat and the supporting disc, and the supporting disc makes contact with the other side of the diaphragm; and the adjusting piece is connected to the main spring seat.

The invention provides a solar photovoltaic panel surface cleaning system and a cleaning method. The system is characterized in that the whole cleaning device is arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle, an infrared camera and a visible light camera which are used for shooting are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, a stain positioning system used for positioning is further arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and meanwhile, a device for loading cleaning liquid and a device for loading carbon dioxide are arranged. Compared with an existing photovoltaic panel decontamination technology, the system adopts an environment-friendly stain cleaning agent, the surface of a solar photovoltaic panel is sprayed with the stain cleaning agent, meanwhile, a carbon dioxide snow decontamination technology is matched, so that residual stains are cleaned again without leaving water stains; and therefore, the problem of water shortage in regions such as deserts or gobi is solved.

The invention discloses a multifunctional hydraulic combination valve which comprises a valve seat. An oil leakage screw is installed on the right side of a valve sleeve in a threaded connection mode. The valve sleeve is installed on the right side of the valve seat in a threaded connection mode. A steel ball mounting hole is formed in the left side inside the valve sleeve. A valve seat stepped shaft hole is formed in the right side inside the valve seat. A steel ball seat is installed in the valve seat stepped shaft hole and aligned at the steel ball mounting hole. A steel ball is installed in the steel ball mounting hole and can move in the steel ball mounting hole and the steel ball seat. A mandrel is installed in the middle portion inside the valve sleeve, and an ejector rod of the mandrel corresponds to the steel ball. A spring is installed in the connecting position of the valve sleeve and the oil leakage screw. The front end of the spring abuts against the mandrel, and the rear end of the spring abuts against the oil leakage screw. The multifunctional hydraulic combination valve is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture and machine, and high in response frequency.

The invention discloses a diaphragm capsule service life test system. The system comprises a high-temperature oven, the high-temperature oven is connected with a first switching valve, the first switching valve is connected with a second switching valve and a positive pressure generation unit, the second switching valve is connected with a vacuum generation unit, and the positive pressure generation unit comprises a high-pressure air source. The high-pressure air source is sequentially connected with a pressure reducing valve, a first electro-pneumatic proportional valve and a first electromagnetic valve, and the first electromagnetic valve is connected with the first switching valve. Thr electro-pneumatic proportional valve, the pneumatic valve, the electromagnetic valve, a pressure transmitter and the like are integrated into a full-automatic electric control system, the boosting speed is controllable, and the boosting range is adjustable. Aiming at the fatigue test of the vacuum diaphragm capsule, a large-volume buffer container is arranged and is used for equalizing the positive pressure and the negative pressure of a pipeline, so that the vacuumizing time is effectively reduced. And meanwhile, the positive pressure in the pipeline can be equalized, so that the dependence on a high-performance vacuum pump is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater winches, in particular to an underwater winch adopting a hydraulic brake system. The underwater winch comprises a winch rack, a brake and a speed reducer, the winch rack is provided with a winch drum and a rope arranging device, the brake and the speed reducer are connected with the drum, the brake is connected with a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected in a hydraulic system controller. The speed reducer is connected with a gear assembly, the gear assembly is connected with the winch drum and the rope arrangingdevice, and a mooring rope is wound on the winch drum. The brake is arranged to be a belt brake. The underwater winch further comprises a first mounting cabin and a second mounting cabin, and a hydraulic control system is placed in the second mounting cabin. The hydraulic system is adopted for controlling the belt brake to control the descending speed of the underwater winch, when the underwater winch is close to the designated depth, a descending stopping instruction is obtained, a brake belt is tensioned, system braking is achieved, multiple times of braking can be adopted in the working process to control the descending speed of the winch, the structure is simple, operation is convenient, and a good control effect is achieved.

The invention discloses an ear cicatrix pressure clamp. The ear cicatrix pressure clamp comprises an elastic piece (1) bent along the waist, wherein two ends of the elastic piece (1) are connected with a pair of clamping pieces (2), and the end of the elastic piece (1) and the clamping pieces (2) can relatively rotate around the compression direction of the ear cicatrix. Under an initial state, the elastic piece (1) generates a pair of opposite forces at two ends of the elastic piece (1), so that the pair of clamping pieces (2) can press the ear cicatrix. The ear cicatrix pressure clamp is easy in use, is attractive in appearance and is low in cost.

The invention discloses a floating supporting single-point incremental hot forming device. The floating supporting single-point incremental hot forming device comprises a supporting body device, the supporting body device comprises a bottom plate, a lower sliding plate and an upper sliding plate, at least two guide columns are fixedly installed on the bottom plate, the upper sliding plate and thelower sliding plate are installed on the guide columns in a sliding mode; a heating clamping device used for clamping a to-be-machined plate is fixedly installed on the upper sliding plate, a floatingheating supporting mold device which penetrates through the upper sliding plate and the lower sliding plate and extends into the heating clamping device to make contact with the to-be-machined plateis fixedly installed on the bottom plate; heating parts electrically connected with a controller are arranged at the contact position of the heating clamping device and the to-be-machined plate and the contact position of the floating heating supporting mold device and the to-be-machined plate; and adjusting devices used for adjusting the floating force of the floating heating supporting mold device are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate and the lower sliding plate.

The invention provides a double-passage eccentricity preventing overload protector, and relates to the technical field of punchers. The protector comprises an air cylinder seat, a cylinder body, an oil pressure seat and a pressure relieving seat which are sequentially combined, and the protector further comprises pneumatic pumps which are arranged in the air cylinder seat and cylinder body, an oilsuction valve arranged in the oil pressure seat, an oil outlet valve and a corresponding oil pressure suction port and oil pressure output port, an oil discharging valve arranged in the pressure relieving seat and a corresponding discharging port, a pressure relieving piston arranged in the pressure relieving seat, a travel switch electrical route and an air pressure inlet, and an unbalanced loadpreventing mechanism arranged on the oil pressure seat. The structure has the advantages that double-crank-shaft punchers with large tonnage (200 t or above) can be met, the demands of market are met, puncher equipment can be protected, and the protector can be prevented from damage.

The invention relates to a pressure-bearing type electrochemistry water treatment device. The device comprises a tank body, a door body, a cathode plate, an anode plate, a water inlet component, a water outlet pipe and an anti-drop arm, wherein one end of the anti-drop arm is connected with a door body pivot, and the other end is connected with the door body; the water inlet component comprises awater inlet pipe and a stopping net, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively arranged at the lower part and upper part of the tank body, the water outlet pipe is communicated with the interior of the tank body, two ends of the water inlet pipe and two ends of the water outlet pipe pass through from two ends of the tank body, when water flows into one end of the water inletpipe, the other end is closed by a valve, and when water flows out of one end of the water outlet pipe, the other end is closed by the valve; the stopping net is obliquely arranged and fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is communicated with the interior of the tank body through meshes in the stopping net; the cross section of the tank body is arc-shaped, and the cross section of the door body is provided with an arc segment. According to the water treatment device, the bearing pressure is great, the service life of the anode plate is long, the door body is convenient to open, the treatment effect of the device is improved, the operation and maintenance are simple and convenient, the use working condition and adaptive installation space are broadened.

The invention provides a ferromagnetic resonance probe. The ferromagnetic resonance probe comprises a planar waveguide and further comprises a base and a ballasting assembly; the planar waveguide is arranged on the base; the ballasting assembly is arranged on the base and provided with a bearing platform used for bearing a to-be-detected sample; and the bearing platform and the planar waveguide are arranged oppositely and movably so as to press the to-be-detected sample on the planar waveguide. According to the ferromagnetic resonance probe, the problem that as for a ferromagnetic resonance probe in the prior art, the situation that the to-be-detected sample is inclined to the planar waveguide is difficult to avoid in the detection process is solved; and a high-thermal-conductivity channelis established between the to-be-detected sample and the base, and fast and accurate control over the sample temperature is achieved.

The invention discloses a single-point progressive thermoforming device with floating support, which includes a support body device, the support body device includes a bottom plate, a lower sliding plate and an upper sliding plate, at least two guide columns are fixedly installed on the bottom plate, the upper sliding plate and the upper sliding plate The lower sliding plate is slidably installed on the guide column; the upper sliding plate is fixedly installed with a heating clamping device for clamping the sheet to be processed, and the bottom plate is fixedly installed with a The floating heating support mold device in the device is in contact with the sheet to be processed; the heating clamping device and the floating heating support mold device are in contact with the sheet to be processed. There are heating parts electrically connected to the controller; the bottom plate and the lower sliding plate An adjustment device for adjusting the floating force of the floating heating support mold device is fixed.

The invention discloses a gas water-sealed tank for a fermentation bin and a fermentation device. A cover plate is arranged at the top of a tank body, a water level adjusting device is arranged on thetank body, the cover plate is detachably connected to the top of the tank body in a sealing manner, a water seal pipe, an exhaust valve and a water inlet valve are arranged on the cover plate, the water seal pipe vertically extends into the tank body, the bottom end of the water seal pipe extends below the water level of the tank body, the top end of the water seal pipe is communicated with an exhaust hole of the fermentation bin through a pipeline, the water level adjusting device comprises an electronic liquid level meter, the electronic liquid level meter is installed on the tank body andused for detecting the liquid level in the tank body, and the electronic liquid level meter and the bottom end of the water seal pipe are located at the same horizontal position. Gas generated in thefermentation bin is exhausted in real time through the gas water-sealed tank, the sealing performance of the fermentation bin is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the problem of sealing pressure exhaust of the fermentation bin is solved. Meanwhile, the pressure in the fermentation bin is automatically adjusted in real time through the water level adjusting device, the pressure requirements of different fermentation time periods are met, and the defects of existing technical means are overcome.

The invention discloses a method for using a secondary shield fastening device between 90-degree angle zone modules of a Mark III type cargo tank. The device comprises a fixed frame, a fixed depression bar, a plane and a corner pressing system. The frame has a 90-degree included angle; a turning plate is used for connection at the corner; and thus the pressing system is installed at the corner. The plane and corner pressing system enable forces to be distributed on a pressed surface uniformly. The systems are connected by bolts; and the force on the pressed surface is adjusted by setting different torsion values. With a guiding rod, the force transmission process is stabilized. Therefore, the force applied to the peak of the 90-degree corner is identical with the forces applied to the plane at the two sides; the pressure controllability and integrity controllability during the pressing process after secondary shield bonding of the 90-degree angle zone are guaranteed; and thus the bonding work quality is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of low-light-level image intensifiers, and discloses vacuumizing exhaust equipment for low-light-level image intensifier production, which solves the problems that the fixation and alignment process of a kinescope is generally realized in a manual mode, the operation is relatively tedious, and the labor intensity of workers is relatively high. The equipment comprises a mounting frame, a driving assembly is mounted in the mounting frame, a vacuumizing assembly is mounted at one end of the driving assembly, a positioning assembly is mounted at the other end of the driving assembly, a kinescope is placed in the positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly is connected with the mounting frame. Through the cooperative use of the positioning assembly, the vacuumizing assembly, the driving assembly and the like, the driving assembly can simultaneously drive the positioning assembly and the vacuumizing assembly to move, the kinescope is fixed through the positioning assembly, and then the vacuumizing assembly gets close to the kinescope, so that the kinescope fixing and aligning process can be automatically completed; and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

The invention discloses a modular liquid path for an ocean detection instrument. The modular liquid path comprises a liquid path engraving part and end cover parts on the two sides, wherein the two sides of the liquid path engraving part are provided with a plurality of liquid path grooves; the liquid path grooves communicate by first through holes formed in the liquid path engraving part; sealinggrooves are formed in the peripheries of the liquid path grooves; bumps matched with the sealing grooves are arranged on the inner sides of the end cover parts; and second through holes correspondingin position are further formed in the end cover parts and the liquid path engraving part. According to the modular liquid path, the occupied space of the liquid path is reduced, the process requirements are reduced, the cost is effectively controlled, the sealing performance is good, the probability of blocking the liquid path by bubbles is reduced, and the modular liquid path is adaptive to ocean environment detection.

The invention relates to a three-dimensional constant-overhang-pressure natural gas hydrate efficient simulation model. The three-dimensional constant-overhang-pressure natural gas hydrate efficient simulation model comprises a simulation bracket, a pressure simulation container and a hydrate simulation container; the simulation bracket comprises a pair of supporting blocks distributed in the up-down direction, the pressure simulation container is arranged in a gap between the two supporting blocks, and the pressure simulation container comprises a pressure container main body; and the hydratesimulation container is arranged in the pressure simulation container and driven by a feeding mechanism to go into or go out of the pressure container main body, and meanwhile, the pressure containermain body is further internally provided with a hydrate simulation container clamping mechanism. The three-dimensional constant-overhang-pressure natural gas hydrate efficient simulation model has the advantages that by additionally arranging the pressure simulation container on the outer side of the hydrate simulation container, when the hydrate simulation container deforms, the hydrate simulation container can be prevented from deforming by changing the pressure in the pressure simulation container, in this way, the hydrate simulation container can be overall made to be thin, the weight ofthe corresponding hydrate simulation container is also decreased, and experiments are facilitated.

The invention relates to the field of press equipment, in particular to a pneumatic hydraulic press capable of effectively meeting the pressure requirement and simultaneously meeting the explosion prevention requirement. The pneumatic hydraulic press comprises a press frame, wherein a vertically downward hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the press frame; a pressure plate is mounted on a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder; the pneumatic hydraulic press is characterized in that the pressure plate is connected with one end of an energy accumulator through an oil pipe and a pneumatic operated directional valve; and the other end of the energy accumulator is connected with a pneumatic hydraulic pressurizing device.

The invention provides an axisymmetric full-speed-domain ramjet engine using electric auxiliary supercharging, and belongs to the technical field of aerospace equipment. The problem that a traditional hybrid engine cannot meet the high-speed requirement of an aircraft is solved. The engine comprises an air inlet channel center cone, an engine shell, a fixed guide column, a high-speed motor, an air compressor, a fuel nozzle, a combustion stabilizer and a spray pipe, the air inlet channel center cone is arranged in the front end of the engine shell through the fixed guide column, the high-speed motor is arranged in the air inlet channel center cone, and the air compressor is connected with the high-speed motor; a combustion chamber is arranged in the portion, at the rear end of the gas compressor, of the engine shell, the multiple fuel nozzles are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the engine shell in the circumferential direction of an inlet of the combustion chamber, and the multiple combustion stabilizers are evenly distributed in the area, close to the center, of the combustion chamber in the circumferential direction of the inlet of the combustion chamber. The rear end of the engine shell is connected with the nozzle. The method is mainly used for the full-speed-range ramjet engine.

The invention discloses a pressure calibration method of a bipolar guide rail pressure mechanism. The pressure calibration method comprises the following steps: a pressure sensor is installed on an index plate of a tube housing positioning mechanism; and a motor is started, a Z-axis lead screw shaft is driven to rotate through a shaft coupler, the Z-axis lead screw shaft drives a Z-axis nut blockto move downwards, the Z-axis nut block drives a seal welding head to move downwards, and when the photoelectric sensor on the seal welding head is shielded by a photoelectric induction piece on a pressure block, a starting calibration point is set. The method is simple, convenient and precise, and the rejection rate is reduced while the pressure requirements of various common environments are met.

The invention discloses low-energy consumption fermentation apparatus for wine making. The fermentation apparatus comprises multiple fermentation rooms supported by a frame; the multiple fermentationrooms are combined in series to form the fermentation apparatus; the top part of each fermentation room is provided with a feeding hole, and the bottom part of each fermentation room is provided witha discharge hole; each feeding hole is sealed by a sealing cover; the multiple fermentation rooms compose multiple independent rooms correspondingly; the periphery of each fermentation room is provided with a heat exchange sandwich layer into which a cooling medium is injected; and the fermentation rooms realize adjustment of temperature of materials in the rooms through the heat exchange sandwichlayers. According to the low-energy consumption fermentation apparatus, the mutually independent fermentation rooms are combined in series to form the fermentation apparatus and the heat exchange sandwich layers are arranged, and the temperature of the materials in the rooms is adjusted through the heat exchange sandwich layers, thereby realizing precise control on fermentation temperature; and such method avoids the problems that energy consumption is high and control over the fermentation temperature is inaccurate by a traditional method, and overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art.

The invention discloses an active pressure compensation device and method and a double-wheel slot milling machine, belongs to the field of piling machinery, and aims to realize automatic adjustment of internal pressure of a working device. The active pressure compensation device comprises an oil liquid converter, a working device, a detection assembly and a control device. The oil liquid converter comprises a first cavity and a second cavity which are not communicated with each other; the sum of the volume of the first cavity and the volume of the second cavity is determined, and the volume change trends of the first cavity and the second cavity are opposite; the working device is in fluid communication with the second cavity; the detection assembly is used for detecting the pressure of a third fluid outside the working device and the pressure of a second fluid inside the working device; the control device is in communication connection with the detection assembly and is configured to control the volume of the first cavity according to the difference value between the detected pressure of the third fluid and the detected pressure of the second fluid so as to control the internal pressure of the working device. According to the active pressure compensation device and method and the double-wheel slot milling machine of the technical schemes, real-time and dynamic adjustment of the internal pressure of the working device is achieved.