The invention discloses a mining fire extinguishment liquid carbon dioxide long-distance pipeline conveying device. The device comprises a gas-state carbon dioxide storage tank , a liquid-state carbon dioxide storage tank and a conveying pipeline; a pressure stabilizing valve and a pressure meter are arranged at the end, located outside a mine body, of the conveying pipeline, the end, outside the mine body, of the conveying pipeline is communicated with the gas-state carbon dioxide storage tank, the upper end of the conveying pipeline is communicated with the liquid-state carbon dioxide storage tank, the end, located in the mine body, of the conveying pipeline is provided with a pressure control valve, and the end, located in the mine body, of the conveying pipeline is connected with a fire extinguishment pipe. Through the conveying device, the liquid-state carbon dioxide can be directly conveyed. The invention further discloses a conveying method. The method comprises the steps of arranging the conveying pipeline, arranging a fire extinguishment pipe, connecting the conveying pipeline with the gas-state carbon dioxide storage tank and the liquid-state carbon dioxide storage tank, injecting the gas-state carbon dioxide into the conveying pipeline for pressure rising, injecting the liquid-state carbon dioxide into the conveying pipeline for fire extinguishment and the like. Long-distance conveying of the liquid-state carbon dioxide can be simply, effectively and rapidly achieved.