The invention relates to a testing stand for testing the transmission error of a mechanical gearbox of a front drive automobile and a comprehensive testing method, and belongs to the technical field of automobile gearbox test. The testing stand comprises a driving motor, an input shaft resilient coupler, a comprehensive input shaft transmission error detection device, an input shaft cage-type synchronous universal shaft coupler, a gearbox input spline shaft, a certain type gearbox, a first output shaft resilient coupler, a comprehensive first output shaft transmission error detection device, an arc tooth synchronous belt drive input shaft resilient coupler, an arc tooth synchronous belt transmission device, an arc tooth synchronous belt transmission output shaft resilient coupler, a first loading motor, a second output shaft cage type synchronous universal shaft coupler, a comprehensive second output shaft transmission error detection device, a second output shaft resilient coupler and a second loading motor. The testing stand is novel in structure, the first loading motor is arranged in a bias manner, the occupied space is small, and static and dynamic transmission errors of a gearbox can be measured. The testing stand has high universality.