The invention provides a tuberous starch slurry-residue separation technique by screening and pressure filtration, which modifies slurry-residue separation procedures in tuberous starch production, and combines a vertical screen, a filter press and screen cleansing into a complete stereoscopic elevation difference technological process, wherein the vertical screen is used for separating residues from slurry by means of centrifugal force, the filter press is used for separating the residues from the slurry by means of extrusion force, and the vertical screen and the filter press in matched use can avoid the problem of poor cleanliness when tuberous residues are treated by vertical screen equipment, so that slurry-residue separation effect can be more effectively improved, feeding once is achieved, and multiple procedures including matched use of the emulsion slurry, the residues and process water, pressure drying of the tuberous residues can be completed by means of multiple screening and pressure filtration. Besides, power, automation, the amount of equipment, process water consumption and labor forces can be greatly reduced, the technique has the advantage of saving of operation cost and energy, emulsion slurry concentration is improved, starch extraction ratio is increased, and good technical effect is achieved.