The invention belongs to the civil aviation logistics application field, and particularly relates to an airport luggage high-speed conveying and sorting system. The system comprises a track part, a dynamic sorting device and a luggage high-speed conveying tray; the luggage high-speed conveying tray is used for conveying the luggage on the track part, and the dynamic sorting device is used for carrying out high-speed sorting on the luggage; the track part comprises a straight track, a turning conveyor, at least one section of rapid shunting conveying device and at least one section of rapid confluence conveying device; and a supporting wheel device capable of realizing rapid dismounting and mounting is arranged on the track part. According to the system, high-speed conveying and sorting ofthe airport luggage can be realized; and the whole system is rearranged, a conveying part and a luggage sorting part in the system are mainly improved, so that the speed of conveying the luggage of the whole system can be up to 10 m / s, the stability of the luggage sorting part in the system during tipping is improved, so that the safety and stability when the luggage is conveyed and tipped can beguaranteed on the premise that the system guarantees that the luggage can be conveyed at a high speed.