41results about How to "Inhibition of secondary reactions" patented technology

The invention discloses a device and a method for coproducing bio-oil and biochar from solid waste through efficient microwave depolymerization. The device comprises a gas inlet system for providing reaction gas and carrier gar, wherein an outlet end of the gas inlet system is connected with a preheating system, an outlet end of the preheating system is connected with a thermal-insulation filtration system, an outlet end of the thermal-insulation filtration system is connected with a reaction system, an outlet end of the reaction system is connected with a product collecting system, a productthermal insulation system is arranged on a pipeline between the reaction system and the product collecting system, and the outer sides of the preheating system, the thermal-insulation filtration system and the reaction system are sleeved with a microwave generation system. Solid waste can be converted into high-value liquid product bio-oil and solid product pyrolytic carbon in an efficient reduction, harmless and recycling manner with a two-stage conversion method of microwave depolymerization and catalytic pyrolysis.

The invention discloses an in-situ rapid sampling thermogravimetric analyzer. The in-situ rapid sampling thermogravimetric analyzer comprises a worktable, a heating furnace, a sample holder, a sampling probe, a heat preservation pipe, a furnace temperature control device and a data analysis device, wherein the heating furnace is arranged on the worktable; the sample holder is mounted on an electronic balance in the worktable and stretches into a hearth, and a crucible is arranged on the sample holder; the sampling probe is mounted on the heating furnace and is located above the crucible; the heat preservation pipe sleeves the outer part of the sampling probe and is internally provided with an ultrafine capillary tube; the ultrafine capillary tube stretches into the heat preservation pipe and the sampling probe in sequence and extends into the crucible; the furnace temperature control device is used for detecting and controlling the temperature of the heating furnace; and the data analysis device is used for acquiring weight and temperature signals. With the adoption of the in-situ rapid sampling thermogravimetric analyzer, the problems that a measurement error is large and a pipeline is easily blocked by a product can be effectively solved; and the in-situ rapid sampling thermogravimetric analyzer has the advantages of high measurement precision, convenient for operation, simple structure and the like.

The invention discloses a low-carbon alkane isomerization catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst contains an MCM-22 / ZSM-35 composite molecular sieve and group-VIII precious metal active components, wherein counted by the weight content of the catalyst, the content of the MCM-22 / ZSM-35 composite molecular sieve is 1.0 to 90 percent, the content of group-VIII precious metals is 0.1 to 1.5 percent, an MCM-22 molecular sieve of the MCM-22 / ZSM-35 composite molecular sieve wraps a ZSM-35 molecular sieve, and the weight content of the MCM-22 in the MCM-22 / ZSM-35 composite molecular sieve is 1.0 to 50 percent. The catalyst can shorten the dwell time of a carbonium ion intermediate in pores of the catalyst, improves the activity and isomerization selectivity and stability of the catalyst, and also suppresses secondary reaction such as polymerization coking and the like.

The invention provides a catalytic cracking catalyst and a preparation method thereof, the catalyst is prepared from 15-60 wt% of molecular sieve, 15-60 wt% of clay, 10-30 wt% of pseudoboehmite, 5-20wt% of adhesive, 0.1-5 wt% of phosphorus-containing compound (calculated by P), 0.1-3 wt% of magnesium-containing compound (calculated by Mg), and may also contain 0-5 wt% of rare earth oxide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) catalyst forming: mixing and pulping molecular sieve, clay, pseudoboehmite, phosphorus-containing compound and adhesive; then adding magnesium-containing compound to mix and pulp, heating and stirring, spraying and forming, and roasting to obtain the formed catalyst; (2) catalyst modification: mixing and pulping the formed catalyst, ammonium salt,phosphorus-containing compound and water, adjusting pH, heating and reacting, and filtering and drying to obtain the catalytic cracking catalyst of the invention. The catalytic cracking catalyst provided by the invention has the characteristics of low coke yield and high total liquid collection (liquefied gas, gasoline and diesel).

A combined catalytic converting process for preparing low-carbon olefin with high output includes such steps as contacting between heavy oil as raw material, regenerated catalyst and carbon depositedcatalyst in flow-down tube reactor, cracking reaction, separating the cracked product from the catalyst to be regenerated, separating low-carbon olefin from cracked product, contacting between rest ofsaid product and regenerated catalyst in flow-up tube reactor, reaction, separating oil gas from catalyst, separating low-carbon olefin from oil gas, and regenerating the catalyst.

The invention discloses a method for promoting depolymerization of lignin sulfate through filter tips of abandoned cigarettes. According to the method, after the filter tips of the abandoned cigarettes are smashed, the smashed filter tips are mixed uniformly with the lignin sulfate and a microwave absorption medium, then a mixture is ground, and the ground mixture is pressed into massive mixturesin different shapes; the massive mixtures are put in a microwave reactor, nitrogen is introduced in advance to discharge air in a reaction system, then nitrogen carrying dichloromethane is introducedinto the microwave reactor, the microwave reactor is started up, and generated depolymerization steam is condensed to obtain liquid, namely pyrolytic oil; the pyrolytic oil is subjected to airtight standing at normal temperature, a low-layer organic phase is collected, the collected organic phase is dehydrated, an organic phase which does not contain moisture is obtained and subjected to normal-temperature rotary evaporation, when no distillate is distilled off, a substance which is not evaporated out is a phenol-rich compound, a liquid substance which is evaporated out is dichloromethane, andthen recycling is achieved.

The invention discloses a clean process for preparing activated aluminum oxide by using pulverized fuel ash. The clean process comprises the following steps that 1, pulverized fuel ash is activated; 2, leaching with a mixed alkaline liquor and solid-liquid separation are performed; 3, carbonating disintergration and wash-drying are performed; 4, calcination is performed. The red sludge from an aluminum oxide enterprise is used for replacing limestone, the pulverized fuel ash is activated by adopting a low-temperature sintering process, and then Al2O3 is dissolved out of the mixed alkaline liquor. Waste residues are modified, waste water is treated, energy is recovered, the resource utilization rate and waste recovery rate are high, and the cleaning degree of the process meets the requirement for three-level clean production in the domestic aluminum oxide industry.

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing low-carbon olefin from methanol. The catalyst consists of the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 25-65% of a cobalt modified silicon-aluminum phosphate molecular sieve, 15-25% of pseudo-boehmite, 10-20% of a phosphorus-containing additive and 10-30% of an alkali oxide, wherein the sum of the percentages of the raw materials is100%. The catalyst has the beneficial effects that (1) the cobalt modified silicon-aluminum phosphate molecular sieve is adopted as an active component, meanwhile, a proper amount of a P additive is further introduced, and thus the catalyst with excellent catalysis performance is prepared; and (2) the pseudo-boehmite is adopted to replace or partially replace clay, so that the surface acidity of the active component and a matrix can be optimized, a reaction that ethylene is generated through dimolecular conversion of methanol molecules is intensified, reactions that propylene and hydrocarbonsof C4 or greater are generated through trimolecular and polymolecular conversion of the methanol are inhibited, and ethylene selectivity of an MTO (methanol to olefin) device can be greatly improved.

The invention provides a catalyst for preparing acetaldehyde through direct dehydrogenation of ethyl alcohol as well as a preparation method and an application thereof and belongs to the technical field of chemical catalysis. The catalyst comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-30wt% of an active component which is Cu and 70-99.9wt% of a carrier which is a carbon-coated oxide compound, wherein the carrier comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-50wt% of C and the balance of oxide. The catalyst has extremely high selectivity which is higher than 92.1%; moreover, the catalyst is excellent in stability and almost has no inactivation in 40 hours during test.

The invention discloses a method for promoting depolymerization of lignin sulfate through filter tips of abandoned cigarettes. According to the method, after the filter tips of the abandoned cigarettes are smashed, the smashed filter tips are mixed uniformly with the lignin sulfate and a microwave absorption medium, then a mixture is ground, and the ground mixture is pressed into massive mixturesin different shapes; the massive mixtures are put in a microwave reactor, nitrogen is introduced in advance to discharge air in a reaction system, then nitrogen carrying dichloromethane is introducedinto the microwave reactor, the microwave reactor is started up, and generated depolymerization steam is condensed to obtain liquid, namely pyrolytic oil; the pyrolytic oil is subjected to airtight standing at normal temperature, a low-layer organic phase is collected, the collected organic phase is dehydrated, an organic phase which does not contain moisture is obtained and subjected to normal-temperature rotary evaporation, when no distillate is distilled off, a substance which is not evaporated out is a phenol-rich compound, a liquid substance which is evaporated out is dichloromethane, andthen recycling is achieved.

The invention provides a pyrolysis condensed phase reaction device. The device comprises a cooling box and a reactor arranged in the cooling box, and the cooling box can be filled with cooling liquid; and the reactor comprises a vertically arranged seat body and a cover body covering the seat body in the horizontal direction, a silk screen reaction assembly is installed on the side, facing the cover body, of the seat body, and air holes are formed in the seat body. According to the pyrolysis condensed phase reaction device, a sample is pyrolyzed through the silk screen reaction assembly located in the cover body, volatile components can be rapidly cooled through the cooling liquid filled in the cooling box, then the gas phase retention time can be greatly shortened, and the gas phase secondary reaction is effectively inhibited; and meanwhile, the air holes can be externally connected with an air pressure adjusting device to adjust the pressure in the cover body, so that the evaporation rate of a liquid intermediate product is changed, the secondary reaction of the condensed phase is controlled, a gaseous product can be guided out by utilizing the air holes after the reaction is completed, and subsequent analysis and research are facilitated.

The invention discloses a preparation method of mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) allyl glycidyl ether and dimethyl diallyl ammonium are uniformly mixed, a sodium persulfate aqueous solution with mass concentration being 10-30% is added, the materials are uniformly stirred and heated to the temperature of 60-90 DEG C, and then a polymerization is carried out for 2-8 hours, and cooling is carried out to obtain a copolymer; 2) aluminum sulfate, concentrated sulfuric acid and deionized water are prepared to an uniform solution; 3) water glass, deionized water and the copolymer obtained in the step 1) are mixed, a mixture is continuously stirred for 0.5-3 hours, then the solution prepared in the step 2) is slowly added while rapid stirring, andthe materials are continuously stirred for 1-6 hours to obtain an uniform gel; and 4) the above gel is transferred to a high-pressure reaction vessel for crystallization, the crystallized products aresubjected to pumping filtration and washed to neutrality, and then the crystallized products are dried and roasted to obtain the mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite. The prepared mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite contains a lot of meso-structures, cost of raw material is low, operation is simple and easy, no special requirement is generated on equipment, and the method is suitable for industrial production and application.

The invention discloses a pyrolysis reactor and a method for treating rubbish with the pyrolysis reactor. The pyrolysis reactor comprises a pyrolysis oil gas outlet, heat accumulating type radiant tubes, oil gas guiding-out pipelines and a gas collecting tube. The heat accumulating type radiant tubes are arranged in multiple layers in the height direction of the pyrolysis reactor, and each layer includes multiple heat accumulating type radiant tubes which are parallel to one another in the horizontal direction. The oil gas guiding-out pipelines are arranged in multiple layers in the height direction of the pyrolysis reactor, each layer includes multiple oil gas guiding-out pipelines which are parallel to one another in the horizontal direction, and the surfaces of the oil gas guiding-out pipelines are provided with through holes. The gas collecting tube is communicated with the oil gas guiding-out pipelines and the pyrolysis oil gas outlet. The pyrolysis reactor can effectively restrain a secondary reaction of oil gas and increase the tar yield; in addition, the heat accumulating type heat-carrier-free radiant tube heating technology is adopted, no gas or solid heat carrier is needed, and the heat value of pyrolysis gas is increased; meanwhile, the pyrolysis reactor has the advantages that few devices are used, operation is easy, and the fault rate is low.

The invention provides a catalyst for preparing acetaldehyde by ethanol dehydrogenation and its preparation method and application. The catalyst in the invention is a supported catalyst, the active component is Cu, and the carrier of the catalyst is a carbon material; the active component The content of Cu is 0.1-30wt%. The catalyst provided by the invention has very high acetaldehyde selectivity, and the acetaldehyde selectivity is higher than 92.1%; and the preparation method provided by the invention is simple and does not need to add any auxiliary agent.

The invention discloses a catalytic cracking method in the petrochemical industry. The method includes: the reaction is carried out in two stages, the first stage reaction is heavy oil catalytic cracking reaction carried out in the first tubular reactor, the first stage reaction is carried out after gas-solid separation, and the first stage reaction oil gas directly undergoes the second stage reaction, that is, enters the second tube Catalytic reforming reaction of gasoline with a reaction temperature of 430-460°C in a type reactor. The first-stage spent catalyst and the second-stage spent catalyst are stripped and then enter the regenerator for coke regeneration. Part of the regenerated catalyst in the regenerator is directly returned to the first tubular reactor to participate in the first-stage reaction; part of the regenerated catalyst enters the primary regenerated catalyst cooler for primary cooling, and then enters the secondary regenerated catalyst cooler for secondary cooling. After reaching 400-450°C, return to the second tubular reactor to participate in the second-stage reaction. The invention can be used for catalytic cracking of heavy oil and catalytic upgrading of gasoline.

The invention discloses a pyrolysis reactor and a method for treating rubbish with the pyrolysis reactor. The pyrolysis reactor comprises a pyrolysis oil gas outlet, heat accumulating type radiant tubes, oil gas guiding-out pipelines and a gas collecting tube. The heat accumulating type radiant tubes are arranged in multiple layers in the height direction of the pyrolysis reactor, and each layer includes multiple heat accumulating type radiant tubes which are parallel to one another in the horizontal direction. The oil gas guiding-out pipelines are arranged in multiple layers in the height direction of the pyrolysis reactor, each layer includes multiple oil gas guiding-out pipelines which are parallel to one another in the horizontal direction, and the surfaces of the oil gas guiding-out pipelines are provided with through holes. The gas collecting tube is communicated with the oil gas guiding-out pipelines and the pyrolysis oil gas outlet. The pyrolysis reactor can effectively restrain a secondary reaction of oil gas and increase the tar yield; in addition, the heat accumulating type heat-carrier-free radiant tube heating technology is adopted, no gas or solid heat carrier is needed, and the heat value of pyrolysis gas is increased; meanwhile, the pyrolysis reactor has the advantages that few devices are used, operation is easy, and the fault rate is low.

The invention discloses a bifunctional catalyst containing a hierarchical pore SAPO-34 molecular sieve, the bifunctional catalyst comprises a component I and a component II, the component I is the hierarchical pore SAPO-34 molecular sieve obtained by performing post-treatment on the SAPO-34 molecular sieve with a microporous structure in an original mother solution, and the component II is a ZnCrAl metal oxide. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the bifunctional catalyst containing the hierarchical porous SAPO-34 molecular sieve. The bifunctional catalyst containing the hierarchical porous SAPO-34 molecular sieve prepared by the invention can shorten the residence time of an olefin product in a crystal in a reaction of preparing low-carbon olefin from synthesis gas and inhibit a secondary reaction of hydrogen transfer of the olefin product, so that the selectivity of the low-carbon olefin can be improved. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and feasible steps, rapidness, environmental friendliness and low cost.

The invention provides a method for delaying coking. The method comprises the following steps: 1) high temperature materials from a radiant section of a heating furnace enter a tower from positions above a foam layer of a coke tower, and a coking reaction is carried out in the coke tower; 2) when the coking reaction is carried out, steam stripping is carried out to the generated coke by continuously blowing a proper amount of high temperature steam to a bottom part of the coke tower; 3) pressure of 0.10Mpa-0.6Mpa on a top part of the coke tower is maintained, oil gas generated by the reaction is discharged from the top part of the coke tower to a fractionating tower. After carrying out the coking reaction for 0.5hr-12hr, the coke which is fully steam stripped starts to be automatically and continuously let out by a coke-discharged valve at the bottom of the tower, and the coke is discharged to a coke gathering tank or being carried way by a transmission band. With the method provided in the invention, a green coke period which can delay coking is shortened, utilization efficiency of the coke tower is improved and investment and processing energy consumption are reduced. Simultaneously, a hot and cold period circulation of the coke tower is avoided to increase a service life of the coke tower.

The invention discloses a clean process for preparing activated aluminum oxide by using pulverized fuel ash. The clean process comprises the following steps that 1, pulverized fuel ash is activated; 2, leaching with a mixed alkaline liquor and solid-liquid separation are performed; 3, carbonating disintergration and wash-drying are performed; 4, calcination is performed. The red sludge from an aluminum oxide enterprise is used for replacing limestone, the pulverized fuel ash is activated by adopting a low-temperature sintering process, and then Al2O3 is dissolved out of the mixed alkaline liquor. Waste residues are modified, waste water is treated, energy is recovered, the resource utilization rate and waste recovery rate are high, and the cleaning degree of the process meets the requirement for three-level clean production in the domestic aluminum oxide industry.