The invention discloses an unmanned commanding and dispatching system based on ground equipment machine vision. The system comprises a main control platform, a ground equipment platform and an air measurement and control platform. The main control platform, the ground equipment platform and the air measurement and control platform are respectively provided with a transceiving communication unit, and autonomous and independent networking is realized through a special short-distance wireless communication protocol. The main control platform is used for transmitting initial operation parameters to the ground equipment platform and the air measurement and control platform, and starting or stopping system operation in case of task completion and emergency. The ground equipment platform comprises ground equipment, an equipment identification system, an unmanned driving system and an inertial sensing IMU unit. The aerial measurement and control platform comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, abarometric altimeter, a scanning shooting device and an airborne processing device, wherein the scanning shooting device and the airborne processing device are hung on the lower portion of the unmanned aerial vehicle. According to the design, an unmanned aerial vehicle technology, a high-precision multi-line laser radar technology, a high-precision three-dimensional modeling technology, a point cloud measurement and calculation technology, a task scheduling technology and a multi-node data networking technology are comprehensively applied. Cluster autonomous control over the ground equipmentis achieved, the ground equipment is commanded and dispatched to advance or operate or avoid obstacles under the action of the unmanned system, personnel intervention is not needed, the intelligent level of large-scale operation of the ground equipment is improved, the operation efficiency and quality of the ground equipment are improved, and the labor cost of ground equipment operation is reduced.