The invention relates to the technical field of
lithium battery negative
electrode materials, in particular to a
silicon-carbon composite negative
electrode material with an
exponential decay gradient
silicon layer and a preparation method and application thereof.The
silicon-carbon composite negative
electrode material is formed by sequentially and alternately depositing multiple silicon
layers and carbon
layers on the inner wall of a
porous carbon matrix pore channel from inside to outside, the thickness of the silicon
layers meets the condition that i represents the number of layers, c represents the thickness of the first silicon layer, d represents an attenuation constant, i is larger than or equal to 2 and smaller than or equal to 10, c is 1-15 nm, d is 0.1-0.5, the thickness of the outermost silicon layer is smaller than 2.5 nm, and the thicknesses of the carbon layers are the same; the aperture of the silicon-carbon composite negative
electrode material is satisfied; d0 is the initial aperture of the
porous carbon matrix, N is the number of silicon layers, and TC is the thickness of the carbon layers. The
pore diameter of the obtained product is gradually changed from inside to outside to realize a small orifice, so that the interface stability is favorably improved, the
side reaction of
electrolyte is reduced, and the first effect and cycle stability are remarkably improved.