48 results about "Mutant genotype" patented technology

A method of regulating the activity of human cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP2A6 to control nicotine metabolism or decrease to production of carcinogens from procarcinogens, such as those present in tobacco smoke, in an individual by selectively inhibiting CYP2A6. Various prophylactic (i.e., prevention and treatment) compositions and methods are also described, including an improved oral nicotine composition and method comprising the use of nicotine together with an inhibitor of the CYP2A6 enzyme. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the presence in an individual of a mutant allele of human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 (referred to throughout this specification as “CYP2A6” for brevity) is predictive of an individual who: (i) has a decreased risk of becoming a smoker, (ii) will smoke less if he / she becomes dependent, and / or (iii) may be at relatively lower risk for cancer due to both decreased smoke exposure and decreased CYP2A6-mediated activation of tobacco smoke and other procarcinogenic substrates. This invention provides diagnostic methods for predicting tobacco dependence risk and risk for cancers related to CYP2A6 substrates in an individual by analysing for the presence of a mutant genotype for human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6 in an individual, ranging from gene duplication (multiple copies of CYP2A6) to single or even no copies due to null alleles or gene deletion.

The invention discloses a breeding method for a complete set line of red feather pink shell laying hens and provides a primer pair for identifying a red feather-induced mutant genotype of white leghorns. The primer pair consists of a single-stranded DNA molecule shown as a sequence 2 in a sequence table and a single-stranded DNA molecule shown as a sequence 3 in the sequence table. The primer pairis characterized in that primers are designed according to nucleotide sequences on the upstream and downstream of 18,288,303th deoxynucleotide on a positive-sense strand of an eleventh chromosome ina chicken reference genome Gallus_gallus-4.0 version sequence information disclosed by NCBI; a locus genotype is detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism, the white leghorns with homozygous red feather-induced mutant genotype are propagated, and pure line female parents are bred; hybrid hens obtained by female parents and Rhode Island Red male parents are completely in a red feather phenotype; the breeding method can meet market demand and has a broad popularization prospect.

The present invention relates to an application of a target nucleic acid detection method using a clamping probe and a detection probe. The method of the present invention can effectively detect a small amount of variation or a specific gene sequence contained in a sample by selective amplification and detection of a trace amount of a target gene to be detected while inhibiting amplification of wild-type genes or undesired genes. Also, it is possible to determine a large number of genotypes at the same time through a melting curve analysis. In particular, the method can be used for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of the medical condition of a disease, treatment efficacy evaluation, and for aiding nucleic acid and protein delivery studies and so on, through a very small amount of a mutant genotype that is confirmed at a high detection sensitivity. The method of the present invention comprises a step for evaluating the detection of biomarkers such as EGFR, KRAS, NRAS etc. and the presence of mutations of biomarkers using invasive specimens such as tissues as well as non-invasive specimens (blood, urine, sputum, stool, saliva, and cells). The presence of the biomarker and mutations provides a method used for monitoring of the entire cycle of a related disease, disease prognosis and prediction, decision of disease treatment strategy, disease diagnosis / early diagnosis, disease prevention, and development of disease therapeutics.