The invention discloses an electronic monitoring system based on image recognition. The electronic monitoring system comprises an image information acquisition module, a counting module, an image information processing unit, an image information analysis module, a reminding information sending module, an image comparison module, a data storage module, a master control module, a release module andan alarm module, wherein the image information acquisition module is used for acquiring face information and human body information; the image information acquisition module is composed of a first high-definition camera, a second high-definition camera and a third high-definition camera, the first high-definition camera is installed at the position directly facing the entrance to acquire a face image, and the second high-definition camera and the third high-definition camera are installed on the two sides of the entrance; according to the invention, the influence of external environmental factors on the definition of the monitoring video image can be effectively reduced, and the system can be better combined with other external systems for use, so that the system is more worthy of popularization and application.