The invention discloses a preparation method of
carbon paper with a gradient pore structure, which comprises the following steps: separately degumming and oxidizing
carbon fibers with different length-
diameter ratios, and respectively dispersing the treated
carbon fibers in a dispersant solution to form carbon
fiber slurry with different length-
diameter ratios; sequentially carrying out gradient layering and inclined net forming on the carbon
fiber slurry according to the length-
diameter ratio of
carbon fibers from high to low to obtain a
carbon felt precursor with a three-dimensional net structure; dipping the
carbon felt precursor in a resin solution, taking out the dipped precursor, and conducting
drying to obtain a
carbon felt; and firstly hot-pressing the carbon felt into
carbon paper body paper, and then conducting
carbonization and graphitization treatment to obtain the gradient pore structure
carbon paper. According to the invention, gradient layering is carried out in sequence from high to low according to the length-
diameter ratio of the
slurry carbon
fiber, so that the prepared carbon paper has a gradient pore structure, communicating pores are formed in the carbon paper, the
pore diameter changes in a gradient manner along the normal direction on the plane of the carbon paper, a pressure gradient is formed in a
diffusion channel, the gas conveying efficiency can be improved, and the
mass transfer and
heat transfer performances of the carbon paper are effectively improved.