The invention belongs to marine engineering machinery, and relates to a traction type reciprocator for a single point mooring liquid slip ring test. The traction type reciprocator is characterized in that a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a mounting platform; a cylinder piston A at one end of the hydraulic cylinder drives a traction pulley block A consisting of a pulley J, a pulley I, a pulley H, a pulley G, a pulley F, a pulley E, a pulley C and a pulley D through a steel wire rope; and a cylinder piston B at the other end of the hydraulic cylinder drives a traction pulley block B consisting of a pulley K, a pulley L, a pulley M, a pulley N, a pulley A and a pulley B through a steel wire rope, the pulley K and the pulley L are arranged on a support H, the pulley M and the pulley N are arranged on the support G, the pulley A is arranged on the support A, and the pulley B is arranged on the support B. The traction type reciprocator is reasonable in design and simple in structure; even if the rope of the pulley block on one side of the cylinder is stored, the rope of the pulley block on the other side of the cylinder is released, and then a reciprocating function of the reciprocator is realized; and moreover, the traction type reciprocator is easy to manufacture and maintain, low in failure rate, low in manufacturing cost, quite convenient to operate and use, simple, practical, safe and reliable, and the steel wire ropes are anti-slip.