The invention relates to a laser processing device for a crankshaft and a method for performing laser processing on the crankshaft. The laser processing device comprises the crankshaft, a three-claw clamping disk, sliding blocks, a stepping motor, a ball screw, a bearing, a support, a workbench, a guide column, a screw support, a support, a shaft coupler, a motor support, a second stepping motor, a transmission shaft, a second bearing and a laser device. The laser processing device for the crankshaft is used for performing laser processing on the crankshaft, so that the rotating axes of a main shaft neck and a connecting rod shaft neck of the crankshaft can be adjusted more precisely; meanwhile, a PLC control system is adopted to more precisely control the rotating angles of the three stepping motors and the displacements of the two sliding blocks, so that the rotating error can be reduced, and the processing precision is improved; the aim of precise laser processing of the main shaft neck and the connecting rod shaft neck of the crankshaft is fulfilled.