The invention discloses an etching solution for a silicon wafer. The etching solution is mainly prepared from electronic-grade nitric acid, electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid, electronic-grade sulfuric acid, electronic-grade phosphoric acid, electronic-grade acetic acid, a surfactant and ultrapure water, wherein the nitric acid serves as an oxidizing agent and can oxidize silicon into silicon oxide, the hydrofluoric acid serves as a dissolving agent and can dissolve and remove the silicon oxide so as to realize etching of the silicon wafer, the sulfuric acid can improve the viscosity of the solution, stabilize the reaction rate, not change the etching morphology and improve the etching uniformity, the phosphoric acid can also improve the viscosity of the solution, improve the mass transferresistance, decrease the etching rate and not change the etching morphology, the acetic acid serves as a diluent and can reduce the ionization degree of the nitric acid, inhibit the oxidation capacity of the nitric acid, decrease the reaction rate and influence the surface morphology after etching, and the surfactant can reduce the surface tension of the solution and improve the surface morphology of the etched silicon wafer. The etching solution has the advantages of being stable and controllable in etching rate and uniform and flat in etching surface.