The invention discloses an active force control rapid assembling and adjusting method for a multi-layer nested X-ray focus lens, and belongs to the technical field of X-ray focus lens processing. The assembling and adjusting method is used for guaranteeing the consistency of the assembling process of the multi-layer nested lens, and the assembling and adjusting efficiency is improved while low deformation of the large-size ultrathin lens is guaranteed. The method comprises the following steps: S1, taking a lens cone to be assembled and adjusted; S2, hanging the lens cone; and suspending the lens cone through a hoisting disc assembly of the assembling and adjusting device; S3, adjusting the pose of the lens cone, wherein the pose is adjusted by a hoisting disc assembly of the assembling and adjusting device; S4, adjusting the pose of a hub through a hub adjusting assembly of the assembling and adjusting device; S5, installing and aligning a shading diaphragm; S6, putting the lens cone into a groove; S7, adjusting the position of a camera, testing light spots before and after focusing, and confirming that the focusing lens points to be aligned; S8, calculating the focal length of the focus lens, and adjusting the groove entering depth of the lens cone; S9, dispensing and curing the lens cone; and S10, assembling and adjusting a next lens cone. According to the invention, automatic control can be realized, and meanwhile, non-standardization caused by manual operation is avoided.