The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine, in particular to a Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating a postpartum puerperal fever. The Chinese medicine composition is composed of milkvetch roots, a sheep placenta, pseudo-ginseng, Chinese angelica, peach kernels, ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, liquorice roots, motherwort, glossy privet fruits, Chinese yams, gymnadenia conopsea, lilies, garden balsam stems, folium artemisiae argyi, wolfberries, cinnamomum cassia, mangnolia officinalis, poria cocos, balloon flowers, saposhnikovia divaricata (Trucz.) schischk, houttuynia cordata and donkey-hide gelatin. Compared with the prior art, the Chinese medicine composition has the advantages of being good in treatment effect, low in cost, small in limitation, free of adverse effects and others, and can accelerate body recovery of a lying-in woman, prevent gynecological diseases, repair the birth canal, relieve dysmenorrhea, promote uterine contraction, activate blood circulation, stop bleeding, diminish inflammations, achieve sterilization and prevent and treat the postpartum puerperal fever of the lying-in woman. The Chinese medicine composition further has the advantages of being precise in compatibility, mild in medicine property and remarkable in treatment effect and is convenient to apply and popularize clinically on a large scale.