75 results about "Daphnia magna" patented technology

A method of ecological restoration of water bodies containing excess nutrient includes steps of: (a) taming Daphnia magna to be able to eat blue-green algae as an algae eating plankton with a taming composition fermented from spirulina powder, active yeast, and saccharide, so as to digest blue-green algae in the water bodies, and (b) putting the algae eating plankton in the water body polluted by the blue-green algae, wherein the algae eating plankton eats the blue-green algae, so that an eco-system of the water body containing excess nutrient can be restored. The method according to a preferred embodiment further includes a step of: (c) planting submerged plant in the water, wherein the submerged plant includes submerged forest and submerged turf.

The invention discloses a method for establishing an urban landscape water body ecological system. The method comprises the following steps: improving a water body substrate; planting submerged plants by using a method that upright posts are adopted to mark areas, so as to establish an underwater frost; planting layered emergent aquatic plants; putting zooplankton (daphnia magna) so as to improve the transparency of the water body; putting aquatic organisms such as fishes, shrimps and shells, so as to complete the water body ecological system; maintaining and managing the ecological system. Through the adoption of the method, the quality of the water body can be remarkably improved, the transparency can be greater than 2.0m, the quality can meet the III-type water quality standard for a long time, black, smell and dirty water bodies with blue-green algae can be thoroughly eliminated, and the water body is always kept clear completely.

The invention discloses a method for identifying key toxic substances in pesticide wastewater by taking daphnia magna toxicity as a precursor and belongs to the field of identification of non-target pollutants. The method comprises the following steps: performing enrichment on organic water sample extract; performing a daphnia magna toxicity experiment on an organic water sample extract; performing fractional separation on the organic water sample extract, and separating compounds of different polarities; performing the daphnia magna toxicity experiment on the separated components; and performing qualitative identification and quantitative determination on the compounds in toxic substances. The compounds of different polarities are separated by utilizing a fractional separation technology, the toxic substances are screened to reduce the complexity of a sample, the potential toxic substances are qualitatively identified through a high performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, suspicious toxic substances are quantitatively determined by utilizing a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and the defect that key toxic pollutants in a mixing system cannot be obtained by the traditional non-target chemical analysis is overcome. Meanwhile, due to fractional separation and feature object screening, the method is high in resolution ratio, high in accuracy and high in information amount, so that the identification of non-target key toxic substances is relatively convenient and reliable.

The invention provides a rapid cultivation device and method of a daphnia magna laboratory and belongs to the field of cultivation of zooplankter. The rapid cultivation device comprises supports, base plates, water bath tanks, a water storage tank, cultivation cups, heating rods, thermometers, turbulence pumps, a fluorescent lamp and a time controller. Each base plate is arranged at the bottom of the corresponding support. The storage water tank is arranged on the base plate of the bottommost support. The water bath tanks are arranged on the base plates of the two upper supports. One thermometer, one turbulence pump and two heating rods are arranged in the water storage tank. Each water bath tank is provided with one thermometer, two heating rods and six cultivation cups. The fluorescent lamp is located above the portion deviating from the center of the support and is parallel to the support. The time controller is in contact with the fluorescent lamp. The rapid cultivation device is easy and convenient to operate, high in operability, easy to set up and free of a complicated device structure. Daphnia magna cultivated through the rapid cultivation device is rapid in reproduction and large in quantity, the life condition of the daphnia magna is stable, and the individual difference of the daphnia magna is small, so that results of toxic tests of fleas are stable and reliable, the test quality is guaranteed, and enough test materials can be provided for tests such as removal of zooplankter pollution to water in the industry of water treatment at the same time.

The invention discloses a method for domesticating daphnia magna and a water ecological restoration method through the same inventive concept. According to the method for domesticating the daphnia magna, toxic substances are added to a culture pool, and the method for domesticating the daphnia magna is achieved through specific domesticating methods. According to the water ecological restoration method, the daphnia magna domesticated through the toxic substances is adopted and put into water rich in algae and toxic substances such pesticides, therefore, the water is purified, and underwater ecological balance is restored so as to achieve water ecology self-purification.

The invention relates to a method for removing algae by series connection of zooplankton and filter-feeding fish, which relates to a method for controlling the removal of algae in eutrophic water. The invention can solve the problem that the algae in natural water can not be completely removed by utilizing aquatic organisms. The method of the invention is that first, at least two sluice facilities are connected with each other in series; then, the algae-containing water sequentially flows through every sluice facility; the hydraulic retention time of every sluice facility is one to three days; the zooplankton and the filter-feeding fish are alternatively stocked in the two neighboring sluice facilities; the stocked zooplankton are mainly daphnia magna which eats micro algae; at the same time, all the fishes in the sluice facility which stocks the zooplankton are completely cleaned out or predatory fishes are threw in; the stocked fishes in the sluice facility which stocks filter-feeding fishes are silver carp and bighead carp or only the silver carp is stocked. The stocking density of the silver carp is 40 to 200g/m<3>; every single silver carp weighs 60 to 500 grams; the stocking density ratio of the bighead carp and the silver carp is 1:3 to 1:5; every single bighead carp weighs 60 to 500 grams. The method of the invention can completely remove the algae in the natural water.

The invention relates to a breeding method for an aquatic organism daphnia magna, and belongs to the technical field of insect breeding. The method is used for overcoming the defect in a traditional daphnia magna toxicity experiment technology, and the invention builds a method for breeding daphnia magna by utilizing rice. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing a nutrient solution, preparing a rice flour solution, breeding and collecting young fleas. According to the daphnia magna breeding method disclosed by the invention, rice is used for breeding the daphnia magna, so that the defect that the daphnia magna in the conventional method selectively takes in natural goods such as green alga, but does not take in or take in a little rice is overcome. Moreover, an adverse factor that the experimental result is easily affected by uncertain nutritional ingredients of the green alga, and reliable experiment support is provided for evaluating the safety of transgenic rice.

The invention discloses a preparation method of pyraclostrobin microcapsules and belongs to the technical field of agricultural pesticides. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a crude drug at first, and then mixing the dissolved crude drug with isocyanate and polyethylene glycol; then dispersing the mixture in a water phase containing a surfactant and a colloid protecting agent, solidifying into capsules, and adjusting the pH value to obtain a microcapsule suspension; and on the basis of the suspension, adding a suspensions stabilizer to prepare a microcapsule suspension agent, or adding a solid auxiliary material to prepare microcapsule water dispersion granules. Diphenyl methane diisocyanate is particularly used as a material for preparing polyurethane capsule walls in the preparation method disclosed by the invention. The toxicity of the pyraclostrobin microcapsules prepared by the method disclosed by the invention to plant algae, daphnia magna and zebra fishes is obviously lower than that of pyraclostrobin missible oil, and the microcapsules can be used for preventing and treating plant leaf diseases of downy mildew, powdery mildew, late blight and the like of vegetables and can also be used for preventing and treating plant soil borne diseases of root rot, crown rot, southern blight and the like.

The invention discloses a culture and separation device for daphnia magna, comprising an algae growth promoting device, a daphnia magna culture container arranged in the algae growth promoting device, a circulating water device arranged in the daphnia magna culture container, and a daphnia magna separation device. The invention also discloses a culture and separation method for daphnia magna by utilizing the device. The culture and separation device provided by the invention is simple and convenient for operation, and high in operability; the materials of the device are easy to be obtained; and the device is simple in structure, and convenient for manufacturing and maintenance. The culture container employed by the culture and separation device for daphnia magna is formed through one step and small in volume, thereby avoiding pollution of other substances and being easy for replacement, and also facilitating subculture; the flea food growth promoting device is advantageous for the growth and reproduction of flea food algae, thereby omitting the work of feeding each day; the circulating water device reduces the step of aeration needed in the flea culture process; and the separation device prevents fleas from leaving the water surface in the separation process to guarantee large-quantity quick separation of fleas. The application of the culture and separation device for daphnia magna can ensure the quality of flea toxicity tests.

The invention relates to a method for biologically eliminating and controlling the eutrophication of an open water body on the basis of a daphnia magna food chain relationship according to the principle of in-situ ecosystem remediation, and particularly relates to a daphnia magna domestication method. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a target water body to be treated; monitoring the water quality and pollution sources of the water body; according to the water quality and the pollution sources, domesticating and cultivating daphnia magna by stages with scenedesmus obliquus and eutrophic water mixed liquids until the daphnia magna is completely adapted to the environmental condition of the target water body to be treated, wherein the scenedesmus obliquus and eutrophic water mixed liquids have different scenedesmus obliquus concentrations; then continuously, regularly and uniformly putting the daphnia magna into the target water body according to a low concentration; and finally introducing specific fish, such as aristichthysnobilis, which feeds on the daphnia magna. Through the method, the problem of eutrophication of the open water body can be solved effectively, an original ecosystem is recovered, and in-situ remediation of the water body is realized.

The invention relates to an automation running-water type cultivation device of daphnia magna. The device comprises six components including a feed culturing room, a cultivation ground substance storage room, a female daphnia feeding room, a young daphnia feeding room, a return room and a power system, wherein water outlet tubes at bottoms of the feed culturing room and the cultivation ground substance storage room are connected with the female daphnia feeding room through the power system; a water outlet tube at the bottom of the female daphnia feeding room is connected with the top of the young daphnia feeding room; a water outlet tube on the top of the young daphnia feeding room is connected with the top of the return room; and a water outlet tube at the bottom of the return room is connected with the cultivation ground substance storage room.

The invention relates to a running water type toxicity test device for daphnia magna. The device comprises a solution preparation system, a temporary solution storage system, a toxicity exposure system, an automatic solution circulation and supplementation system and a waste liquid treatment system, wherein the solution preparation system is used for preparing a tested solution with the specific concentration for a daphnia magna toxicity test; the temporary solution storage system provides conditions for homogenization and temporary storage of the tested solution; the toxicity exposure system is used for providing appropriate space, temperatures and illumination for exposure of the daphnia magna in a test solution; the automatic solution circulation and supplementation system is connected between the solution preparation system and the temporary solution storage system and between the temporary solution storage system and the toxicity exposure system and can automatically supplement a solution from the preparation system to the temporary solution storage system and convey the solution from the temporary solution storage system to a toxicity test system; the waste liquid treatment system provides purification functions including filtration, adsorption and the like for a waste liquid produced by the toxicity exposure system.

The invention discloses an early warning method for chronic toxicity of a water quality substance to Daphnia magna, which belongs to the technical field of water pollution control. According to the invention, directed at a low-toxicity water quality situation, marker enzyme having sensitive response to toxicity in Daphnia magna is screened out, and potential of chronic toxicity within 21 days is predicted based on results of detection on a change rate of the activity of the marker enzyme in a short period when Daphnia magna is tainted. There are standard methods or commercial kits for detection of the marker enzyme, detection is convenient, rapid and accurate, detection requirements of rapid early warning are met, and the method provided by the invention is applicable to a single-substance water sample with a low concentration or to a complex water sample like reclaimed water and surface water containing a variety of components and having low toxicity and can rapidly reflect the level of biotoxicity.

The invention discloses a method for predicting and evaluating toxicity of a novel non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent pollutant based on daphnia magna. According to the method, daphnia magna is exposed to the novel non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent pollutant with equal logarithm spacing concentration, the survival rates of daphnia magna generated when the daphnia magna is exposed for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, and the survival rate, the body length, the total number of shelling and egg carrying times and the total daphnia magna producing amount of the daphnia magna exposed for 21 d are recorded respectively; corresponding 24 h LC50, 48 h LC50 and 72 h LC50 are obtained through calculation of SPSS software and used for evaluating acute toxicity, and corresponding 21 d LC50, body length EC50, shelling EC50, egg carrying EC 50 and daphnia magna producing EC50 are obtained and used for evaluating chronic toxicity; thus, the toxicity characteristic and the toxicity level of the novel non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent pollutant are analyzed, tested and quantitatively described, meanwhile can serve as indexes for monitoring and evaluating biotoxicity of non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent sewage, and can provide reference for predicting and evaluating potential ecotoxicity risks of the pollutant in water.

The invention discloses a coregonus ussuriensis fry culture method, relates to a fish fry culture method, and aims to solve the technical problem of high death rate in a large-scale culture process of coregonus ussuriensis fries. The method comprises the following steps: 1, rupturing membranes of the coregonus ussuriensis fries; 2, after the coregonus ussuriensis fries float upwards, feeding the coregonus ussuriensis fries in a mouth opening stage with fairy shrimps serving as biological baits, then feeding the coregonus ussuriensis fries with daphnia magna (which is aquatic zooplankton belonging to cladocerans) for 5 to 10 days after the coregonus ussuriensis fries open mouths for 15 to 20 days, feeding the coregonus ussuriensis fries with a water earthworm-complete formula feed for 10 to 15 days, and finally enabling the coregonus ussuriensis fries to adapt to the acclimation of the complete formula feed till the fries are 8 to 10 g in weight, namely completing culture of the coregonus ussuriensis fries, wherein after the weights of the coregonus ussuriensis fries are greater than 0.3 g in the step 2, the culture density is 4,000 to 5,000 pieces/m<3>. The coregonus ussuriensis fries cultured by the coregonus ussuriensis fry culture method are high in quality, and the survival rate can be increased to 80 percent or above. The coregonus ussuriensis fry culture method belongs to the field of fish fry culture.

The invention discloses a method for cooperative control of microcystis aeruginosa by using chub, bighead, silver xenocypris fish and daphnia magna, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The microcystis aeruginosa in water is controlled through a food chain relationship; the chub, the bighead, the silver xenocypris fish and the daphnia magna can directly eat the microcystis aeruginosa in a filtering manner; meanwhile, the chub, the bighead and the silver xenocypris fish also can intake the daphnia magna, so as to indirectly consume the microcystis aeruginosa in water; the fish, the daphnia magna and the microcystis aeruginosa form the food chain relationship. In addition, the upper, middle and lower microcystis aeruginosa and a microcystis aeruginosa resting body at the bottom can be controlled by fully utilizing the vertical spatial distribution difference of the three fishes in the water, the content of the microcystis aeruginosa in the water can be more effectively controlled, the eutrophication level is reduced, the balance of an ecological system of the water is facilitated, and meanwhile, certain economic value can be obtained by catching the chub, the bighead, the silver xenocypris fish. The method has the advantages of low cost, no secondary pollution and the like, and is simple and feasible.

The invention relates to a six-membered spiro rhodamine pH fluorescent indicator containing a urea structure and application thereof. The fluorescent indicator has a structure as shown in a general formula (I). The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) adding a rhodamine compound and phosphorus oxychloride into 1,2-dichloroethane, carrying out heating reflux reaction, cooling the product to room temperature, and removing the solvent; 2) adding an acetone aqueous solution of sodium azide, stirring the mixture at room temperature, extracting the reaction solution with dichloromethane, drying the extract, and performing pressure reduced evaporation to remove the solvent; 3) dissolving the obtained reaction solution with dry acetonitrile, transferring into a reaction kettle, adding excessive ammonia water, and carrying out reaction in oil bath at 100 DEG C for 10 hours; and 4) extracting the obtained product with dichloromethane, drying the extract, and purifying the extractthrough silica gel column chromatography to obtain the target product Rh-NH. The indicator provided by the invention has good pH reversibility. After the indicator disclosed by the invention is usedfor dyeing the daphnia magna, the indicator Rh-NH1 can be positioned in the intestinal tract of the daphnia magna and indicates the acidity of the daphnia magna.

The invention discloses a device and method for replacing a nutrient solution for indoor cultivation of daphnia magna and belongs to the technical field of nutrient solution replacement of water creatures. The device comprises a water trough (10), a baffle (20), a new nutrient solution (30), an old nutrient solution (40) and a bulb (50). The water trough (10) is divided into a left water trough (11) and a right water trough (12) by the baffle (20) arranged in the middle of the water trough (10). The middle of the bottom of the baffle (20) is provided with a small hole (21) and a rubber plug (22) of the small hole (21). The new nutrient solution (30) is contained in the left water trough (11), the old nutrient solution (40) and the daphnia magna (00) are poured into the right water trough (12), and the bulb (50) is arranged at the left side of the water trough (10). According to the device and method for exchanging the nutrient solution for indoor cultivation of the daphnia magna, possible physical injury to a daphnia magna body is avoided in the process of separation; food debris, excreta of the daphnia magna, slough and the like in the old nutrient solution are basically prevented from entering the new nutrient solution; compared with a normal suction method, the method has the advantages that the separation efficiency is improved and the separation time is shortened.

The invention discloses an algae removal and control method for a low-speed small watershed. The method comprises the following steps: fishing at least 60% of algae in water; arranging a plurality ofgabion boxes filled with iron-carbon micro-electrolysis fillers along the periphery of the bank of the fished water area to remove phosphorus in the water; laying a sunshade net at 0.5 m above the water surface, and carrying out shading treatment for 10 days to inhibit growth of algae; mounting an aeration device so that aeration is started after shading is finished, and dissolved oxygen in wateris increased; uniformly throwing nitrifying bacteria into the water area for degrading ammonia nitrogen in the water by the nitrifying bacteria under an aerobic condition; uniformly spreading a phosphorus-accumulating bacterial agent to the water area for sucking phosphorus in the water into the body by the phosphorus-accumulating bacterium agent under the aerobic condition; by avoiding aeration positions, adding daphnia magna into a water area. Physical algae removal and biological algae removal methods are combined, so that the method is simple and easy to operate, takes effect quickly, doesnot bring secondary pollution to the environment and has few remaining problems.

The invention relates to a method for removing water blue-green algae based on daphnia magna, aims at the problem of blue-green algae outbreak in lakes, reservoirs and other natural water due to the acceptance of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and the like containing a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, and develops a biological method taking ecosystem restoration as a principle based on a food chain relationship between the daphnia magna and blue-green algae to remove the water blue-green algae. The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is acute toxicity evaluation of blue-green algae enriched water, the second technical problem to be solved by the invention is screening and domestication of large and healthy daphnia magna. The acute toxicity evaluation is adopted to assess the feasibility of daphnia magna treatment, and then the cultivation domestication of laboratory and on-site two stages enables the daphnia magna to grow and reproduce in the blue-green algae outbreak. The daphnia magna is utilized to ingest the blue-green algae to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water and promote the growth of submerged plants. Furthermore, fishes, shrimps, snails and other high-grade organisms are introduced and the daphnia magna are used as bait to form a closed cycle, thereby restoring an original water ecosystem and eliminating blue-greenalgae pollution.

The invention provides puffing compound feed for culturing mandarin fish on a circulating water runway. The puffing compound feed is prepared from the components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of white fish meal, 5-10 parts of frog powder, 6-10 parts of fish meal, 12-16 parts of starch, 2-5 parts of shrimp meal, 5-8 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2-5 parts of spray-dried animal blood cells, 2-3parts of beer yeast, 1-3 parts of daphnia magna powder, 2-3 parts of soybean phospholipid powder, 2-3 parts of an oil mixture, 1-2 parts of a mineral substance, 0.5-0.8 part of multi-vitamin, 0.5-1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.3-0.5 part of choline chloride, 0.15-0.35 part of taurine and 0.05 part of an antioxidant. The frog powder and the daphnia magna powder are added to the puffing compound feed, through the proportion and combination of the raw materials and additives, the food calling property is good, the feed conversion rate is increased while adhering to the breeding mode of the circulating water runway, and the feeding ability of the mandarin fish is improved.

The invention discloses a macrobrachium rosenbergii compound feed using a daphnia magna dry powder for partially replacing fish meal. According to the macrobrachium rosenbergii feed, the daphnia magna dry powder is used for replacing 21.7 percent to 44.0 percent of fish meal. The optimum dosage of the daphnia magna dry powder is 5 percent to 20 percent, and the dosage of the fish meal is reduced to 16.8 percent to 26.7 percent from 30 percent. The experiment proves that compared with non-replaced fish meal control groups, macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas SOD, serum MDA, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in replacement groups are lower than those in the control groups in different degrees, so that by using the daphnia magna dry powder for replacing the fish meal, the macrobrachium rosenbergii can have a better anti-oxidative stress capability, and is more beneficial for keeping the health of hepatopancreas.