115 results about "Ecotoxicity" patented technology

The invention discloses a biological control agent for fusarium wilt and a preparation and use method of the biological control agent. The biological control agent comprises the following components of not less than 1*10<7>cfu/mL of cellulose-producing trichoderma viride, not less than 0.5*10<7>cfu/mL of aspergillus niger, 0.8*10<9>cfu/mL of bacillus subtilis and 0.8*10<9>cfu/mL of bacillus mucilaginosus. The prepared biological control agent has an antagonism on antagonism, is capable of increasing disease prevention capability, and has functions of activating soil nutrients, promoting growth of root systems of crops, and inducing the improvement of disease resistance when being applied, thereby improving control effect of fusarium wilt of the crops, and enabling the incidence rate to be lower than 10 percent. The biological control agent can completely replace a chemical agent, has no pollution, residue and biological toxicity during use, ensures that the yield of crops is increased by above 15 percent, and is suitable for controlling fusarium wilt of cucurbit plants such as cucumber, watermelon, muskmelon, bottle gourd and towel gourd, and solanaceae crops such as tomato and eggplant.

The invention relates to a method for simultaneously improving sludge anaerobic digestion efficiency and reducing the ecotoxicity of heavy metals. According to the method, after straws are activated with a ZnCl2 solution, straw biochar is prepared under a 550 DEG C high-temperature anaerobic condition, and further modification is performed by using an HCl solution and microwave; and by using modified biochar as carrier, a zero-valent nano-iron loaded modified biochar composite material HCl-FBC is prepared through a chemical reaction. According to the present invention, by adding the modified biochar composite HCl-FBC to the anaerobic digestion reactor at the initial stage of sludge anaerobic digestion, the organic matter conversion rate of sludge can be significantly increased, and the cumulative gas production of methane can be increased; HCl-FBC can easily increase the microbial diversity and the activity of the digested sludge and change the microbial community structure; and with the method, the sludge anaerobic digestion efficiency can be significant increased, the biogas production can be increased, the biological toxicity of the heavy metal in the digested sludge is effectively reduced, and the great significance is provided in the resource utilization of sludge and the reduction of the risk of sludge land use.

The invention specifically relates to a method for detecting acute biological toxicity of sewage, belonging to the field of environmental water detection. A method for accurately detecting the acute biological toxicity of a sewage sample can be established by the following steps of: extracting and concentrating organic matter in a sewage sample, removing the interference of inorganic matter, and finally detecting by using fresh water luminous bacteria Qinghai vibrio Q67. The method can provide accurate final results, is stable and has good reproducibility. The method is the effective improvement of the traditional method.

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage flocculant. The flocculant consists of the following components in parts by weight: 12-25 parts of poly-aluminum calcium chloride, 5-15 parts of ferric chloride, 2-10 parts of aluminum potassium sulfate, 2-8 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1-6 parts of sodium hypochlorite, 10-30 parts of poly-molybdenum chloride, 10-20 parts of diatomite, 10-20 parts of zeolite and 0.01-0.05 part of additives. The sewage flocculant has the beneficial effects that the obtained flocculant is good in degradability, low in ecotoxicity, free of stimulation on human bodies, obvious in flocculation effect on the treatment of various complex sewage and high in cost performance for dehydration of sludge; the sewage flocculant has the characteristics of no toxicity and residue for human bodies, good flocculation effect and wide application range.

The invention publishes a kind of dull grass Bacillu subtilis atrain, Xi-55(CGMCCNo.1070), and its preparation method. The strain can well restrain murrain germ in paddy. used to prevent and cure paddy murrain, it has no pollution and no residual and better security. Its preparation is easier, the fermentation cycle is shorter, cost is lower and it is easier to be stored. Thus, it is more convenient for agriculture.

The invention relates to bacill us amyloliquefaciens sw17 for preventing and treating botrytis cinerea in plants and an application of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The bacterium (the bacillus amyloliquefaciens sw17) is preserved in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center with preservation number of CGMCC No.14365; and the bacterium can take an inhibitory effect on gray mold of strawberry, gray mold of tomato and gray mold of cucumber caused by botrytis cinerea Pers., with a bacteriostasis rate ranging from 62% to 74%. The bacillus amyloliquefaciens sw17, which is provided by the invention is separated from rhizosphere soil of healthy fruit trees in a demonstration orchard, is free from ecological toxicity, high in safety and good in antibacterial effect, and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens sw17 is simple in culture and short in cycle; and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens sw17 has a quite broad application prospect in biological control of plant diseases.

The invention discloses a method for predicating the embryotoxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug type novel pollutants on an early-phase life stage of zebra fish. The method comprises the following steps: exposing zebra fish embryos in the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug type novel pollutants which have equal logarithm space concentrations; recording the death rate and the aberration rate of the zebra fish embryos 7 days after exposing; and calculating by using SPSS software to obtain corresponding LC50 and teratogenetic EC50, which are used for evaluating the toxicity of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug type novel pollutants. With the adoption of the method, the toxicity feature and the toxicity level of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug type novel pollutants are subjected to an analytical test and quantitative description; and meanwhile, the method also can be used as an index for monitoring and evaluating the wastewater biological toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and reference is provided for risk predication and evaluation of the potential biological toxicity of the pollutants in a water body.

The present invention is one kind of bisalkyl methyl ethoxyl quaternary ammonium salt in the structure as shown and its synthesis process. The process has short reaction period, low temperature and low pressure; and the bisalkyl methyl ethoxyl quaternary ammonium salt has high biodegradability, low ecological toxicity and environmental compatability.

As existence of acidophilic thiobacillus ferrooxidans on surface of metal sulfide ore in the form of a bio-membrane, dissolution-out of the metal is greatly improved, thereby forming acidic pit water in high concentration of heavy metal ions and further causing serious environment pollution. The invention discloses a compound which can inhibit formation of bio-membrane of the acidophilic thiobacillus ferrooxidans. The compound, without influence on normal growth of the acidophilic thiobacillus ferrooxidans, can inhibit the formation of the bio-membrane of the acidophilic thiobacillus ferrooxidans, thus reducing the erosion speed of the acidophilic thiobacillus ferrooxidans on the metal sulfide ore and significantly reducing generation of acidic heavy metal pit water in a sulfide mining area. Compared with a bactericide or an antibacterial agent for treating acidic heavy metal pit water pollution, the ecologic toxicity on environment of the compound is reduced to minimum during the treatment on the acidic heavy metal pit water pollution. The acidophilic thiobacillus ferrooxidans is free of drug resistance caused by the bactericide or the antibacterial agent.

The invention discloses a method for measuring a pollutant ecological toxic effect threshold concentration through microcosm periodical biomass. According to the method, based on a population-level toxic effect testing result, a microcosm model is structured through inter-population ecological relation to correlate a population-level reaction endpoint with a community-level reaction endpoint; through the quantitative relation between population-level pollutant concentration and toxic effects, a quantitative relation between community-level pollutant concentration and the toxic effects can be structured; taking whether microcosm community periodical biomass at a certain pollutant concentration deviates from control microcosm community periodical biomass as threshold concentration criteria, the pollutant ecological toxic effect threshold concentration can be calculated. The method for measuring the pollutant ecological toxic effect threshold concentration through microcosm periodical biomass can help perfect pollutant water quality criteria deduction methods, lay a solid scientific foundation of water quality criteria setting, avoid environmental underprotection or overprotection caused by water quality criteria setting and ensure harmonic economic and ecological environment development.

The invention discloses a method for diagnosing the ecotoxicity of soil in a polluted place, and an apparatus thereof. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the basic condition of the polluted place; querying a mapping relationship between all preset land utilization modes and corresponding ecotoxicity diagnosis method sets according to the acquired polluted land utilization mode information to determine the ecotoxicity diagnosis method set mapping with the acquired land utilization mode of the polluted place; and calculating the pollution degree of the polluted land according to polluted land concerned pollutant information included in the basic condition of the polluted land and content distribution information of the concerned pollutants in soil, querying preset pollution degree mapped classification diagnosis methods, obtaining the classification diagnosis method mapping with the calculated pollution degree of the polluted land in the determined ecotoxicity diagnosis method set, and carrying out soil ecotoxicity diagnosis on the polluted land according to the obtained classification diagnosis method. The method and the apparatus are used to effectively improve the ecotoxicity diagnosis efficiency of soil.

The invention discloses a method for measuring and calculating the threshold concentration of an ecological toxic effect of environmental pollutants. According to the method, on the basis of the experimental result of the toxic effect of biological single species, the sensitivity, reliability and stability of reaction endpoints are analyzed, the ecological relationship between populations is utilized for constructing an ecological system model, the multiple reaction end points which are in the different trophic levels and population levels are combined, then, an ecological system-toxic effect coupling model is constructed, and the threshold concentration of the ecological toxic effect of the pollutants is calculated by using the phenomenon whether ecological system asymptotic positive balance points (x*, y* and z*) in the certain pollutant concentration deviate from original balance points or not (namely whether the significant difference exists or not) as the criterion of the threshold concentration. According to the method for measuring and calculating the threshold concentration of the ecological toxic effect of the environmental pollutants, the ecological correlation between the ecological system populations is considered, the toxic effect measurement and calculation are carried out on the population level, and the result is more real and reliable.

The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for optimizing a soil ecotoxicity diagnosis result of a contaminated site. The method comprises: acquiring a soil ecotoxicity diagnosis result, and searching a mapping table of toxic effects versus contamination values to obtain a contamination value mapping a toxic effect corresponding to the soil ecotoxicity diagnosis result; acquiring an experiment classification of a diagnostic experiment according to a toxicity experiment classification table, and searching for a mapping table of experiment classifications versus experiment weight coefficients to obtain an experiment weight coefficient mapping the experiment classification; determining a detection indicator used by the diagnostic experiment, and searching a mapping relationship table of detection indicators versus indicator weights to obtain an indicator weight mapping the used detection indicator; and according to the obtained contamination value, the experiment weight coefficient and the indicator weight, acquiring a soil ecotoxicity comprehensive score, calculating a ratio of the soil ecotoxicity comprehensive score to an individual level score maximum, and determining a soil ecological harmfulness level of the contaminated site according to the ratio. The application of the method and apparatus provided by the present invention can effectively improve accuracy of assessment of a contaminated site.

The invention discloses a method for predicting and evaluating toxicity of a novel non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent pollutant based on daphnia magna. According to the method, daphnia magna is exposed to the novel non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent pollutant with equal logarithm spacing concentration, the survival rates of daphnia magna generated when the daphnia magna is exposed for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, and the survival rate, the body length, the total number of shelling and egg carrying times and the total daphnia magna producing amount of the daphnia magna exposed for 21 d are recorded respectively; corresponding 24 h LC50, 48 h LC50 and 72 h LC50 are obtained through calculation of SPSS software and used for evaluating acute toxicity, and corresponding 21 d LC50, body length EC50, shelling EC50, egg carrying EC 50 and daphnia magna producing EC50 are obtained and used for evaluating chronic toxicity; thus, the toxicity characteristic and the toxicity level of the novel non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent pollutant are analyzed, tested and quantitatively described, meanwhile can serve as indexes for monitoring and evaluating biotoxicity of non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent sewage, and can provide reference for predicting and evaluating potential ecotoxicity risks of the pollutant in water.

The invention relates to a set of methods suitable for evaluating toxicity changes of pesticide residues in soil. According to different properties of the pesticide residues in the soil, the set of methods comprises an organic solvent extraction method, a deionized water extraction method and a slurry direct exposure infection method respectively; through an earthworm comet assay and a broad bean micronucleus test, soil ecotoxicity is detected on the basis of double indexes; the set of methods suitable for evaluating the toxicity changes of the pesticide residues in the soil is established, thereby providing a technical support for evaluating influence of toxicities of the pesticide residues on the environment and human health. The set of methods is simple and feasible, high in repeatability and wide in applicability and can be applied to pesticides with different polar properties; by the set of methods, the subsequent determination of the ecotoxicity is facilitated; the set of methods has a relatively great practical application value.

The invention provides an endosulfan degradation bacterium JBW4 (Alcaligenes faecalis.JBW4), which was preserved in the China center for type culture collection (CCTCC) on May 24th, 2012 with the preservation serial number being CCTCC No:M2012181. The endosulfan degradation bacterium JBW4 is prepared to be bacteria suspending liquid, and the bacteria suspending liquid is applied to the degradation of endosulfan in the soil in a mode that the bacteria suspending liquid is directly added into the soil, so that endosulfan remained on objects of water bodies, soils and the like can be safely, effectively and quickly degraded, genetic toxicity and ecotoxicity of the endosulfan to the environment are reduced and the actions of restoring the soil polluted by the endosulfan and protecting the ecological environment are exerted. The bactericide of the strain is simple in preparation process, low in cost and high in efficiency, and has good application prospect; and moreover, the secondary pollution is avoided.

The invention discloses an application and adsorption method of tea water extract or peel water extract for adsorbing heavy metal ions. The method is characterized by including the following steps: adding water in the tea water extract or shaddock peel water extract to prepare an aqueous extract solution, filling the aqueous extract solution in a dialysis bag, regulating the pH of a heavy metal ion solution to acidity, and then soaking the dialysis bag in the heavy metal ion solution. In the method disclosed by the invention, natural wastes tea dust and shaddock peel are utilized, the tea water extract or shaddock peel water extract is used for adsorbing the heavy metal ions in wastewater, which belongs to waste utilization, so that the cost is low; compared with other natural adsorbents, the tea dust and the shaddock peel need no special treatment, the preparation process of the aqueous extracts are simple, and the operation is convenient; the tea dust and the shaddock peel have no ecotoxicity, thereby generating no secondary pollution; more importantly, the tea water extract or shaddock peel water extract in the invention has excellent adsorption properties on the heavy metal ions, and can be applied to the treatment of wastewater discharged in such fields as electroplating industry, plastic industry, electronic industry, mining and the like.

The invention discloses a marine fish water ecology toxicity test method. The method comprises the following steps of selecting gobies as tested fish species and domesticating in standard water which has a same water quality condition as a tested water sample; preparing a stock solution of the water sample to be tested; selecting a concentration gradient range through acute toxicity and chronic toxicity trial tests of the gobies, setting a concentration gradient with a small difference, taking sea water as a contrast group, and taking the water sample to be tested as a test group; simultaneously, carrying out acute toxicity and chronic toxicity tests of the gobies, recording changes in the gobies and the environment, carrying out variance analysis on data, and drawing a mortality curve of the gobies; and determining water quality toxicity through combining a physical condition of the gobies and water body index changes. Problems that current domestic research on a fish toxicity test is relatively simple, and there is aquatic ecotoxicity test method suitable for a salt-containing condition are solved.

The invention provides a method for quickly evaluating ecological toxicity of petroleum-contaminated soil. The method comprises the following steps: 1) with rhamnolipid solution as an extracting agent, extracting petroleum pollutants in to-be-detected petroleum-contaminated soil, thereby acquiring a to-be-detected petroleum pollutant extracting solution; 2) mixing the to-be-detected petroleum pollutant extracting solution with luminous bacteria and reacting, and meanwhile, with a NaCl solution as contrast, mixing the NaCl solution with luminous bacteria and reacting for the same time, respectively recording the real-time luminescence volume of the test sample and the contrast and calculating the relative luminous emissivity (%) of the sample; 3) evaluating the ecological toxicity level of the soil sample according to the relative luminous emissivity of the sample. According to the invention, the luminous bacteria are selected as induction bacteria for soil petroleum contamination and a quick detection technology and an evaluation standard for the ecological toxicity of petroleum-contaminated soil are established in the manner of selecting bacteria capable of stably, sensitively and quickly reflecting the change in petroleum contamination concentration in the environment, regarding the light intensity thereof as a detection index and constructing the relation models of light intensity-petroleum contamination concentration and petroleum contamination concentration-toxicity.

The invention discloses a uniform lighting device for alga culture based on aquatic organism ecotoxicity evaluation. The uniform lighting device comprises an incubator body, wherein an automatic temperature control system is arranged inside the incubator body; a plurality of net plate layers parallel to one another are arranged inside the incubator body through a height adjusting device; the net plate layers are structural net layers with an inner cavity consisting of a lower net plate layer and an upper net plate layer; a plurality of alloy transverse rods perpendicular to the incubator body are uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the upper net plate layer of the net plate layers; a plurality of stripy light sources which are arranged uniformly are arranged on the lower net plate layer inside the net plate layer; the positions and the number of the stripy light source correspond to those of the alloy transverse rods. By adopting the uniform lighting device for alga culture based on aquatic organism ecotoxicity evaluation, the lighting condition for acute toxicity of algae can be controlled, and thus culture in an incubator can be subjected to effective light sources of same intensity.

The invention discloses a bacillus thuringiensis strain YN-2-2 CGMCC No.19316, which is preserved in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) on Jan.17,2020, wherein the accession number is CGMCC No.19316, the preservation date is Jan.17,2020, and the address of the preservation unit is No.3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The bacillus thuringiensis strain YN-2-2 provided by the invention has the advantages of simple culture, short period, no ecological toxicity, abundant available carbon sources, high salt tolerance, wide tolerable PH range and capability of effectively inhibiting growth of pathogenic bacteria of potato deep scab.

The invention discloses a high-throughput fish ecotoxicity test system. The system comprises experiment vessels, an experiment vessel placing device, mother liquid storage vessels, a sliding mechanical arm, a telescopic injector, a telescopic pipette, a data transmission port and a test parameter control platform, wherein the experiment vessel placing device is connected with the telescopic injector and the data transmission port separately; the mother liquid storage vessels are connected with the telescopic pipette; the sliding mechanical arm is connected with the telescopic injector, the telescopic pipette and the data transmission port separately; the data transmission port is also connected with the test parameter control platform. Through the adoption of the system, the output efficiency of ecotoxicological toxicity data can be improved.