168 results about "Electron acceleration" patented technology

The invention discloses a point light source electron accelerator which comprises a sealing box body, a cathode, a laser emitter, a reflecting cover, a grid plate and a mounting plate, the mounting plate is erected in the sealing box body, a mounting hole is formed in the mounting plate, the cathode is mounted in the mounting hole, and the laser emitter is arranged in the sealing box body. The reflecting cover is arranged at the top of the mounting hole; the reflecting cover is a semi-spherical surface, a laser through hole is formed in the top of the semi-spherical surface, and the laser through hole is coaxial with the cathode; the transmitting end of the laser transmitter is aligned with the cathode; the grid plate is mounted below the mounting plate and is aligned with the mounting holes; and an electron outlet is formed below the grid plate. The invention provides a point light source electron accelerator, and the point light source electron accelerator provides a light and miniaturized electron accelerator design, so that the application field of the accelerator is wider.

Disclosed in the present invention are a scanning box device and an electron accelerator, the electron accelerator comprising an accelerating tube and a deflection coil; the scanning box device comprising a scanning chamber and a scanning box, wherein the scanning chamber is sealingly connected to the scanning box; the scanning chamber is arranged above the scanning box; the accelerating tube is arranged above the scanning chamber; the deflection coil is arranged on the outer side of the scanning chamber; and the scanning chamber is made of a non-metallic material. The present invention can prevent the generation of eddy currents in the scanning box, thus reducing the problems of energy loss and heat generation, improving the performance and stability of the apparatus.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a cold cathode flat plate X-ray source capable of coding light emitting and a coding light emitting method, the ray source comprises a vacuum sealing cavity, a cathode assembly and an anode assembly, the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are arranged in the vacuum sealing cavity in a sealing manner, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are oppositely arranged at an interval; a vacuum working space for electron acceleration and X-ray generation is formed; the cathode assembly comprises a cathode substrate and a nano cold cathode electron source array arranged on the cathode substrate; the anode assembly comprises an anode substrate and a transmission anode target arranged on the anode substrate; wherein at least one of the nanometer cold cathode electron source array and the transmission anode target is in a coding state: when the nanometer cold cathode electron source array is in the coding state, the nanometer cold cathode electron source array comprises a micro-unit electron source array capable of independently addressing, and a preset coding pattern is formed; and when the transmission anode target is in a coding state, a metal coating with a preset coding pattern is formed on the surface of the anode substrate through a micromachining process so as to integrate a coding function.

The invention provides a planar distribution multi-beam electron gun, and relates to the technical field of microwave electric vacuum, and the planar distribution multi-beam electron gun comprises a housing; the cathode assembly is arranged in the shell, the cathode assembly comprises a cathode head, the surface of the cathode head is provided with a plurality of emitting surfaces which are arranged in a common plane in parallel at intervals, and the emitting surfaces are configured to escape electrons after being heated; the anode is arranged in the shell, and an electric field is formed between the anode and the emitting surfaces so as to accelerate escaped electrons, so that a plurality of electron beams are formed; the focusing electrode is arranged between the cathode head and the anode, an opening is formed in the focusing electrode, a plurality of grid wires are arranged on the opening, a grid gap between every two adjacent grid wires is aligned with the multiple emission surfaces in the emission direction of the electron beams, and the multiple grid wires are constructed to control beam diameters and divergence angles of the multiple electron beams; each electron beam passes through the gate slot aligned with the emission surface on which the electron beam is formed and enters the anode.

The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, and discloses a corona-based creeping spark discharge strong pre-ionization pulse gas laser which comprises a main frame chamber, a pre-ionization device is fixedly mounted at the top of an inner cavity of the main frame chamber, a cathode electrode is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the main frame chamber, and a connecting copper sheet is fixedly mounted on the lateral upper portion of the inner wall of the main frame chamber. A flow guide plate is fixedly installed on the connecting copper sheet, and an anode electrode is fixedly installed at the top end of the flow guide plate. A corona-based creeping spark discharge strong pre-ionization pulse gas laser is characterized in that a pre-ionization area can be formed on a pre-ionization device and structures on the pre-ionization device, electrons in the pre-ionization area move in an accelerated manner under the action of electric field force, and in the movement process, the electrons in the pre-ionization area are separated from the pre-ionization device. And the electrons and other gas particles are subjected to inelastic collision and ionization or excitation, so that high-concentration and uniform initial electrons are generated, a micro-discharge channel is formed, and continuous seed electrons are provided for a core discharge region of the micro-discharge channel.

The invention discloses a device and method for accelerating mutation of traditional Chinese medicine seeds based on ray irradiation of an electron accelerator, and relates to the technical field of irradiation breeding equipment, and the device comprises an irradiation rack, a conveying frame, a collecting frame, a tray, a guide disc, the electron accelerator and a servo electric cylinder. The rotation of the guide disc drives the traditional Chinese medicine seeds to generate displacement change under the action of centrifugal force, the guide disc can enable the traditional Chinese medicine seeds to move outwards along the ball bottom type structure of the guide disc in the rotation process, and the traditional Chinese medicine seeds conduct arc-shaped upward diffusion movement along the ball bottom type structure; meanwhile, it is guaranteed that the traditional Chinese medicine seeds can slide inwards to be folded along the ball bottom type structure, and the guiding pieces conduct blocking, dispersing and overturning treatment on the traditional Chinese medicine seeds on the surface of the guiding disc; it is guaranteed that the electron accelerator conducts ray irradiation accelerated mutation treatment on different surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicine seeds, the irradiation uniformity of the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicine seeds can be effectively improved, and then the irradiation treatment time is shortened.

The utility model discloses a mobile cable irradiation work platform and an electron accelerator system, the mobile cable irradiation work platform comprises a platform base, a shielding device, a take-up and pay-off device and a wire guide wheel set, and the bottom of the platform base is provided with a mobile device; the shielding device comprises a shielding wall main body which is vertically arranged at the rear part of the platform base; the take-up and pay-off device is used for loading and unloading a cable, and the cable on the take-up and pay-off device is connected with the wire guide The wire guide wheel set guides a cable on the take-up and pay-off device to the rear side of the shielding wall body. The electron accelerator system comprises a shielding shell and an electron accelerator; when the platform base moves to an operation position, the shielding wall body and the shielding shell form a shielding cavity, and an electron beam outlet of the electron accelerator is aligned with a cable on the rear side of the shielding wall body in the shielding cavity. The self-shielding device can be matched with a miniaturized electron accelerator to form a self-shielding structure, the occupied space is greatly reduced, the installation is convenient, and the production efficiency can be improved.

The invention discloses an electricity leading device and an electron accelerator, the electron accelerator comprises an accelerating tube device, the accelerating tube device comprises an insulating tube, the insulating tube is provided with a plurality of electricity leading holes, the accelerating tube device comprises a plurality of electrode plate devices, the electricity leading device comprises an electricity leading screw, a screw head and a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is provided with a sealing ring. An annular groove is formed in the front side of the screw head, a sealing ring is installed in the annular groove, the electricity leading screw penetrates through the electricity leading hole to be in threaded connection with the electrode slice device, and the screw head presses the sealing ring on the outer side of the electricity leading hole in the outer surface of the insulating tube. According to the electricity leading device, the connection effect of the electrode plate and the anode resistor can be achieved, meanwhile, the position of the electrode plate device can be fixed, the electricity leading device can further seal the accelerating tube of the electron accelerator, the accelerating tube is convenient and rapid to assemble, and the production speed is increased.

The invention discloses a generating device of a surface electromagnetic wave radiation source, which can be applied to the technical field of electromagnetic waves. The plasma excitation unit is used for generating plasma, and the plasma acceleration unit comprises an electron acceleration power supply, a cathode end face, a slow wave circuit, a plurality of insulation spacers, a plurality of acceleration poles and an output end face. An electron beam channel is formed in the middle area of the upper surface of the slow wave circuit and the middle area of the lower surface of the cathode end face, the insulation spacers, the acceleration poles and the output end face, and meanwhile the insulation spacers and the acceleration poles are arranged between the cathode end face and the output end face at intervals. The speed of the plasma in the electron beam channel output by the plasma excitation unit is adjusted through the plasma acceleration unit, so that the electromagnetic wave radiation source under the target frequency, the target bandwidth or the target power can be output, and the electromagnetic wave radiation source with high frequency, wider bandwidth and high power can be obtained.

The present invention provides a gallium nitride-based light-emitting diode epitaxial structure, a preparation method thereof, and an LED chip. In the epitaxial structure, a multi-level electron-phonon scattering structure, a stepwise increase in the bandgap width of the quantum well layer in the multi-quantum well barrier layer, and an InGaN step structure are designed to suppress electron leakage in different situations, targeting electron ballistic transport, electron acceleration caused by the quantum Stark effect structure in the quantum well, and hot electron transition. This effectively improves the external quantum efficiency under high current.

The invention discloses a beam spot adjusting method and an electron accelerator, the electron accelerator comprises an anode potential adjusting device and an electron extraction device, a hot cathode of the electron accelerator is arranged on the electron extraction device, and the beam spot adjusting method comprises the following steps: acquiring physical parameters of an accelerating tube of the electron accelerator; calculating the beam waist position of the electron beam bunch according to the physical parameters of the accelerating tube; the control quantity of an anode potential adjusting device is obtained according to the girdling position; and adjusting the beam spot size of the outlet of the accelerating tube by using the control quantity. According to the invention, the extraction electric field distribution can be obtained, the purpose of controlling the beam envelope is achieved, so that the electron beam bunch safely arrives at the outlet of the electron accelerator, and the dynamic adjustment of the accelerator extraction outlet beam spot size within a certain range is realized by controlling the potential difference between the cathode and the anode.

An anode potential adjustment device and an electron accelerator. The electron accelerator comprises a first electrode sheet (201), a second electrode sheet (202) and a high-voltage end (203), wherein the high-voltage end (203) is connected to the first electrode sheet (201). The anode potential adjustment device comprises a varistor (101) and an oil cylinder (102), wherein the varistor (101) is connected between the first electrode sheet (201) and the second electrode sheet (202); and the oil cylinder (102) is connected to a hydraulic pump by means of a hydraulic oil pipe, a piston of the oil cylinder is connected to the varistor (101), and the piston is configured to drive the varistor (101) to adjust a resistance value. The anode potential adjustment device can observe changes of a beam in real time when a high voltage and the beam exist at the same time, thereby making it easier to select an anode resistor (1010).

The present invention relates to an accelerating tube of an electron accelerator, comprising a plurality of electrode sheets and a plurality of insulating rings which are stacked. Each electrode sheet comprises an edge part; the edge part of each electrode sheet is connected to a first insulating ring by means of a corresponding first glue layer and is connected to a second insulating ring by means of a corresponding second glue layer; a plurality of through holes which are separated from each other are formed in each edge part; and each first glue layer and each second glue layer are communicated by means of the corresponding edge part and the through holes so that the first insulating ring and the second insulating ring are directly bonded. In the accelerating tube of the electron accelerator of the present invention, the internal stress of the electrode sheets is eliminated by means of the through holes in the edge parts of the electrode sheets, and adjacent insulating rings are directly bonded by means of the through holes, thereby improving the connection strength of the electrode sheets and the insulating rings, and enabling the insulating rings to be not prone to damage, ensuring that the accelerating tube can safely and reliably operate under ultrahigh vacuum conditions.

The invention relates to the technical field of seed irradiation, and discloses a vegetable seed irradiation device based on electron accelerator rays and a using method thereof.The vegetable seed irradiation device comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism further comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a fixing frame, a driving motor is started, the driving motor drives a rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives a rotating frame to rotate after rotating; the rotating frame rotates to drive an annular rotating plate to rotate, a first gear is meshed with a second gear, after the annular rotating plate rotates, the first gear drives a second gear to rotate, after the second gear rotates, a second disc is driven to rotate through a plurality of first sliding rods, after the second disc rotates, a first rotating rod and a round rod are driven to rotate, and the round rod rotates to drive an annular block to rotate. An annular block drives a plurality of rectangular strips to move left and right on the side wall of a fixed block II in a reciprocating manner when rotating, and the seeds are intermittently and quantitatively put, so that the quantity of the seeds put into the annular rotating plate each time can be consistent, and the seed distribution uniformity in the irradiation process is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of accelerator beam calibration, in particular to an electron accelerator beam calibration water absorption target device which comprises a suspension support, an installation platform is arranged at one end of the suspension support, and a calibration target is detachably installed on the installation platform; the calibration target comprises a detachable water tank mounted on the platform, the water tank is filled with a liquid medium for absorbing beam energy, and no bubble exists in the water tank; the water tank is horizontally arranged along the beam propagation direction of the electron accelerator, and the cross section is perpendicular to the beam incidence direction; according to the invention, the regular hexagonal honeycomb array measurement subareas are formed in the water tank through the thermal insulation partition plates, the regular hexagonal honeycomb array measurement subareas are further refined into the independent spacer areas in cooperation with the net-shaped partitions, and the regular hexagonal densely-laid structure has no measurement blind area and can completely cover the cross section of a beam; meanwhile, the side lengths and the volumes of all the partitions are consistent, and the standard unification of all the measuring units is ensured.

The invention discloses an accelerating tube standard module, a ceramic tube and an electron accelerator, the electron accelerator comprises at least one accelerating tube standard module, each accelerating tube standard module comprises a ceramic tube, and the top and the bottom of each ceramic tube are provided with connecting pieces. The top connecting piece is used for being connected with an accelerating tube upper flange or the bottom of another ceramic tube, the bottom connecting piece is used for being connected with an accelerating tube lower flange or the top of another ceramic tube, a plurality of electrode plate mounting positions are arranged on the inner surfaces of the ceramic tubes, and a plurality of electricity leading holes of divider resistors are formed in the outer surfaces of the ceramic tubes. According to the accelerating tube module, accelerating tubes can be rapidly assembled through the accelerating tube module, the number of the accelerating tube modules can be adjusted to adapt to the accelerating tubes with different voltage values, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the accelerating tube module is firm in structure, low in rejection rate, easy to install and operate and easy to produce.

The present invention relates to an electron microscope and a method for using the same, belonging to the technical field of electron microscopes. The electron microscope can integrate magnetic lens functions and electrostatic lens functions, and realizes the conversion of the two lens functions by adjusting the position of an annular pole shoe and the potential difference. The operation is simple and the implementation is convenient. The electron microscope comprises: an electron source; an electron accelerating electrode; an objective lens arranged below the electron accelerating electrode; an inner pole shoe arranged on the inner side surface of the inner end of an upper shell of the objective lens and arranged in contact with the inner side surface of the upper shell; an outer pole shoe arranged on the inner side of the inner end of a lower shell of the objective lens and arranged longitudinally; a motion control device arranged on the inner side of the objective lens and below the inner pole shoe; an annular pole shoe or a deflection device or an electron detector arranged on the motion control device and realizing up and down movement under the action of the motion control device; the annular pole shoe is electrically connected to a voltage regulator; and a sample stage is located at the bottom.

This invention discloses a vortex cooling device and an electron accelerator system, including a gas supply module, at least one vortex cooling component, and a heat exchange tube. The vortex cooling component has a vortex air channel and is provided with a gas inlet, a cold gas outlet, and a hot gas outlet. The cold gas outlet is connected to the first end of the vortex air channel, and the hot gas outlet is connected to the last end of the vortex air channel. The gas inlet is connected to the vortex air channel and is located between the cold gas outlet and the hot gas outlet. The gas supply end of the gas supply module is connected to the gas inlet. The heat exchange tube is used to contact the converging plate of the electron accelerator for heat exchange. The heat exchange tube includes a heat exchange air channel, at least one air inlet, and an air outlet. The heat exchange air channel is connected to the air inlet and the air outlet respectively. The cold gas outlet is connected to the air inlet, and the air outlet is connected to the irradiation cavity. This design has a good cooling effect, making the electron accelerator operate stably and continuously providing inert gas to the irradiation cavity, which is safe and reliable.

The invention discloses a 10 MeV-level high-brightness ultrafast electron beam source based on quasi-linear laser wake field acceleration and a generation device thereof. Miniaturized repetition frequency ten-megawatt-level femtosecond laser interacts with a gas target capable of generating special gas flow distribution; based on a new quasi-linear laser wake field electron acceleration mechanism, the generation of a 10 MeV-level high-brightness high-performance ultrafast electron beam source can be accelerated. The device effectively solves the problem that it is difficult to accelerate generation of ultrafast electron beams with low energy dispersion, low emittance, high flow intensity, femtosecond pulse width, high brightness and high performance in a sub-ten-megawatt femtosecond laser driving wake field. Therefore, the method is expected to be widely applied to advanced fields such as ultrafast electron diffraction imaging and pumping detection, laser wake field and plasma diagnosis and measurement, high-energy particle acceleration, novel ultrafast coherent radiation source generation and the like.

The invention discloses a multimode resonance simulation cavity and an electron accelerator simulation device, the multimode resonance simulation cavity comprises a main simulation cavity, the main simulation cavity is provided with an input port, and the main simulation cavity accesses a power radio frequency signal through the input port; the at least one secondary simulation cavity is sequentially coupled and connected, and the first secondary simulation cavity in the at least one secondary simulation cavity is coupled and connected with the main simulation cavity; and the frequency modulation device is used for adjusting resonant frequencies of the main simulation cavity and the plurality of secondary simulation cavities. The invention solves the problem of single resonant mode of the analog cavity.

The invention relates to the technical field of electron accelerators, in particular to an irradiation accelerator supporting device which comprises a mounting frame used for mounting electron accelerator parts. An adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting frame and comprises a frame, the frame is fixedly connected with the side wall of the mounting frame, a driving motor is connected to the frame through bolts, an output shaft of the driving motor drives a driving shaft to be rotationally connected with the interior of the frame, and multiple sets of driving grooves are formed in the driving shaft in an embedded mode. And an embedded rod is inserted into the driving groove in a sliding manner, and the embedded rod is rotationally connected with the adjusting block. Through the independent temperature control units in the multiple sets of main frame bodies, a temperature field descending from left to right in an equal-step mode is formed, when a cable penetrates through the heat conduction cavity, the temperature is lowered step by step, thermal stress concentration is avoided, and the material deformation risk is reduced; the annular structure of the heat conduction cavity and the rubber ring can improve heat conduction efficiency.

The invention relates to a system for converting an electron beam into a photon beam, the system comprising: an electron accelerator (1) configured to generate an electron beam (10) of accelerated electrons along an irradiation axis (Z), a scanning unit (2), a focusing unit (3) for forming a focused beam (10f) converging towards a first focus point (Fx) located on the irradiation axis (Z), a conversion unit (4) located between the focusing unit (3) and the first focus point (Fx) and comprising one or more bremsstrahlung converters (4 .1‑4.n), the one or more bremsstrahlung converters being configured to convert the focused beam (10f) into a photon beam (11x), a target holder (5h), the target holder being configured to hold a target (5), characterised in that the one or more bremsstrahlung converters (4.1‑4.n) are curved so that an intersection angle (α) at ​​which the focused beam (10f) intersects each of the one or more bremsstrahlung converters (4.1‑4.n) is between 65° and 115° at all points, preferably between 75° and 105° at all points.

The utility model relates to the technical field of automation equipment, in particular to an intelligent sorting device for irradiation of an electron accelerator, which comprises an annular conveying belt, an irradiation chamber, an overturning device, a camera device and a sorting baffle plate, an irradiation chamber is arranged on the annular conveying belt, the annular conveying belt penetrates through the irradiation chamber, a turnover device and a camera device are arranged on the annular conveying belt, and the sorting baffle is arranged on the annular conveying belt; the turnover device comprises a turnover support and a turnover lifting air cylinder, a cylinder body of the turnover lifting air cylinder is fixedly connected to the turnover support, and the free end of a piston rod of the turnover lifting air cylinder is connected with the rotating air cylinder. The output end of the rotating air cylinder is connected with a rotating shaft, an overturning plate is installed on the rotating shaft, and a clamping device is installed on the overturning plate. According to the utility model, the problems of low manual overturning efficiency and repeated irradiation during irradiation are solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of electron accelerators, and particularly provides a modular electron accelerator pulse modulator device. The device comprises a cabinet, a system main controller, a central dynamic energy pool and a power module cluster composed of N power modules. The power modules are installed in a pluggable mode through the backboard slots and form a hybrid cascade Marx topology through the series busbars. The system main controller is integrated with a digital twinborn calculation module, coordinates the central dynamic energy pool to execute non-uniform energy distribution on each power module through a control bus, and controls each module to pre-shape an output pulse waveform. And each power module comprises a module energy storage unit, a module power switch unit and a module fine tuning unit formed by a GaN FET, and is used for realizing nanosecond precision correction of a pulse waveform. According to the invention, through modularized and intelligent control, the problems of pulse waveform distortion, low energy efficiency and insufficient reliability of a traditional device are effectively solved.

The utility model discloses a beam signal monitoring device for an electron accelerator, which relates to the technical field of electron accelerators, and comprises a base, a Faraday cup monitor arranged above the base and used for monitoring the current value of an electron beam, and a cooling mechanism arranged above the base and used for cooling, the cooling mechanism comprises a water storage tank, one side of the water storage tank sequentially communicates with a connecting pipeline, a water pump, an extending pipeline and a cooling pipeline, the cooling pipeline is located above the Faraday cup monitor, and the end, away from the extending pipeline, of the cooling pipeline fixedly communicates with a backflow pipeline; the end, away from the cooling pipeline, of the backflow pipeline fixedly communicates with the water storage tank. And the air cooling part is arranged above the Faraday cup monitor and is used for blowing air to flow. The beam signal monitoring device of the electron accelerator is convenient to cool, so that the service life of the monitoring device is prolonged, and the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device is improved.

The utility model discloses a self-shielding electron accelerator, which relates to the technical field of electron accelerators, solves the problems of poor anti-radiation effect and inconvenience in assembly and disassembly of the existing device, and adopts the following scheme that the top surface of a vertical plate is provided with a side plate of which the specification is matched with that of the vertical plate. Through the arrangement of the side plates, the water tank and the anti-radiation shielding cloth, the side plates and the top plate made of steel plates can shield radiation on the side faces and the top face, the anti-radiation shielding cloth can shield radiation on the left side and the right side, the water tank on the bottom face can absorb a large amount of radiation, and the radiation shielding effect is good; meanwhile, through the arrangement of the mounting holes A, the threaded holes A and the mounting holes C, the mounting holes A and the mounting holes B can facilitate the mounting of the bottom plate and the vertical plate, the threaded holes A and the threaded holes B facilitate the mounting of the side plate, the mounting holes C and the mounting holes D facilitate the mounting of the top plate, the mounting and dismounting are simple and convenient, and the use convenience is improved.

The invention provides an experimental device for measuring radiolysis gas yield and recording radiolysis bubble behaviors and an experimental method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of flow measurement. The problem that in the prior art, radiolysis gas yield cannot be measured while radiolysis bubble behaviors cannot be recorded is solved. The device comprises an electron accelerator, a quartz glass container, a gas chromatograph, a helium purging device, a high-speed camera, a light supplementing lamp, a reflecting mirror and a data acquisition system, the electron accelerator and the quartz glass container are connected with the data acquisition system, and the two ends of the quartz glass container are connected with the gas chromatograph and the helium purging device respectively. Reflecting mirrors are arranged on the two sides of the quartz glass container, a light supplementing lamp is arranged below the reflecting mirror close to the helium purging device, a high-speed camera is arranged below the other reflecting mirror, and the high-speed camera is connected with a data acquisition system. The device is mainly used for measuring the yield of radiolysis gas and the behavior of radiolysis bubbles.

The application discloses an electronic accelerator, and relates to the technical field of electronic accelerators. The electronic accelerator comprises a transistor microwave source, an amplification circuit and an acceleration tube. The transistor microwave source is used for generating radio frequency power; the amplification circuit comprises an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with the transistor microwave source, and the amplification circuit is used for amplifying the radio frequency power generated by the transistor microwave source to preset power; the acceleration tube comprises an acceleration cavity, and the output end is connected with the acceleration cavity so as to transmit the preset power to the acceleration cavity. The electronic accelerator disclosed by the application can realize the miniaturization of the whole electronic accelerator.

In an embodiment an X-ray source includes an electron source configured to emit electrons, an acceleration set-up configured to accelerate the emitted electrons and a transmission window downwards of the acceleration set-up, wherein the transmission window is configured to let through X-rays generated by the accelerated electrons, wherein the transmission window is located either in a straight extension of a line-of-flight of the accelerated electrons or off the line-of-flight and past the acceleration set-up, wherein the transmission window comprises a carbon carrier, and wherein the carbon carrier comprises sp2-hybridized carbon.