The invention relates to a heptamethine cyanine active fluorescent probe and a preparation method and application thereof. The structural formula of the heptamethine cyanine active fluorescent probe is as shown in the specification, wherein X=II-IX; each of R1 and R2 is (CH2)mCH3, (CH2)nOH, (CH2CH2O)pCH3 and CH2C6H5; each of R3 and R4 is H, SO3H, SO3Na and SO3K; each of a, b, c, d, e, f and g is 2-8; each of n, m and p is 1-10. The heptamethine cyanine active fluorescent probe has the advantages that the heptamethine cyanine active fluorescent probe is based on near-infrared long-wave heptamethine cyanine dye, indoline is selected as the aroma parent nucleus to increase fluorescence intensity, and methenyl chain intermediate cyclohexene rigid bridging enhances stability; nitrogen derivatives with chemical reactivity sites are used to perform nucleophilic substitution on the meso-position of the heptamethine cyanine parent dye, and accordingly Stokes shift and active chemical groups areincreased greatly to facilitate the fluorescent labeling of various substances; the fluorescent probe is of a symmetrical structure, preparation and purification processes are simplified, and cost islowered favorably; the probe can be used as the fluorescent labeling probe of biological molecules such as high-sensitivity protein, sugar and DNA and nano carriers to perform cell or living-body horizontal fluorescence imaging, and the like.