The invention relates to a method for inducing and separating out orientation controllable lithium niobate single crystal in glass by using femtosecond laser, belongs to the technical field of laser application, and also belongs to the technical field of new material development. The lithium niobate single crystal is induced and separated out under the irradiation of the femtosecond laser by adopting an ytterbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and a frequency adjustable laser device. The method is characterized in that: femtosecond laser beams are focused at 100 to 1,000 microns below the surface of the glass through a focusing lens, the lithium niobate single crystal can be selectively induced and separated out in the glass by strictly controlling the frequency of laser, the pulse energy, the modifying direction of the laser, the scanning speed and the scanning direction, and the growing orientation of the lithium niobate single crystal can be controlled; and the femtosecond laser has the control parameters that: the wavelength is 1,030 nanometers, the frequency is 250 to 500KHz, the pulse width is 240 to 300fs, the pulse energy is 0.5 to 2.5muJ, the numerical aperture of the focusing lens is 0.4 to 0.8, the scanning speed is 0 to 210mum/s, and the modifying direction of the laser is controlled through a polarizer. The induced and separated lithium niobate single crystal is an excellent ferroelectric material; and because of photoelectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric, photorefractive and nonlinear properties, the lithium niobate single crystal has broad application prospect in the fields of acoustics and optics, photo-electricity, nonlinear optics and the like.