The invention belongs to the technical field of medical inspection, and specifically relates to a method for checking total number of aerobic bacteria of ranitidine hydrochloride capsules. The methodcomprises the following process: taking 10 g of ranitidine hydrochloride capsules in a sterile conical flask, adding a sterile sodium chloride peptone buffer of pH7.0 to dilute to 100 ml, shaking theconical flask to disperse the solution evenly, preparing a test solution of 1:10, placing the full amount of 1:10 test solution of the conical flask on a large volume side of a special bag with a homogenizer with filtering function, conducting fully tapping for 30 seconds in a tapping instrument, taking the test solution on the small volume side after filtration as the test solution of 1:10 for coarse filtration, taking 20 ml of the test solution of 1:10 for coarse filtration to be diluted to 100 ml by using the sterile sodium chloride peptone buffer of pH7.0, preparing a test solution of 1:50, adding 1 ml of the test solution of 1: 50 into a plate, injecting 15-20 ml of trypsin soybean pepton agar culture medium immediately, conducting mixing evenly, solidifying, and incubating at 30-35 DEG C for 3-5 days, and determining the number of colonies. According to the present invention, the operation steps of the method are simple, and the inspection results are stable and reliable.