The invention discloses an escherichia coli dynamic growth monitoring method, and provides a method for realizing registration of an escherichia coli colony image and a previous moment image, which comprises the following steps: enabling the angles of the two images to be consistent, obtaining the centroid position of each colony, and further quickly obtaining the number of colonies in a culture dish; each bacterial colony can be positioned, the size and color information of each bacterial colony at the growth moment is counted, the growth speed is calculated according to the culture time, thegrowth stage of each bacterial colony at each time node is judged, and then a growth curve is obtained; according to the method, a regression model is used for predicting the bacterial liquid concentration according to two variable values of bacterial colony delay period time and growth rate in a logarithmic phase, the bacterial liquid concentration is compared with the concentration obtained bya traditional counting method, and error samples in the experiment process are screened out; based on the characteristics of bacterial colony growth, the regression model is established to accuratelypredict the concentration of the escherichia coli liquid, and compared with the traditional counting method which is easily interfered by the external environment, the method is more accurate, and thereliability of the obtained data is higher.