The invention relates to a device and method for researching
microstructure evolution of a
metal material under an electrothermal magnetic
coupling field, the device comprises a
vacuum chamber, a telescopic rod, a
vacuum flange, a sample rod, an insulation connecting piece and a sample table, the sample rod is connected with the sample table through the insulation connecting piece, and the telescopic rod can be operated to move and send a sample; a
magnetic field loading module formed by a
superconducting magnet, a sample table integrated thermal field loading module and an
electric field loading module with a clamping column and a
binding post are arranged in the cavity, a
ceramic insulating layer is arranged between the heating
resistor element and the sample placing table to prevent current interference, and a sample is connected with the sample placing table through the clamping column; the measurement method comprises the following steps: preparing a sample by combining electrolytic
polishing with three-step
argon ion polishing, and pre-performing EBSD detection to obtain an initial grain size and a KAM value; a sample is placed in the device, single-field, double-field (
electric heating / electromagnetic / thermomagnetic) or three-field
coupling treatment is achieved, EBSD detection is conducted again after cooling, the geometric necessary
dislocation density is calculated, and the device has the advantages of being reasonable in structure, convenient to operate, practical and efficient.