The invention relates to a biological fermentation liquor dewatering device. The biological fermentation liquor dewatering device comprises a fermentation liquor storage tank, an eluate storage tank, a fermentation liquor pump, an eluate pump, an adsorber, a compressed air steel cylinder, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a detector, a dividing valve, a product storage tank, a waste liquor storage tank and a connecting pipeline, and is further provided with a software control system for controlling the fermentation liquor pump, the eluate pump, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the detector. The invention further relates to a using method of a biological fermentation liquor concentration device, and the method comprises the steps of adsorbing target products, removing residual fermentation liquor and eluting the target products, wherein the operation is performed in a circulating manner till the fermentation liquor is used up. The biological fermentation liquor dewatering device disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects of high efficiency, continuity, flexibility in use, simple operation, high controllability and high popularization value.