The invention discloses a preparation method of fresh zanthoxylum oil. The preparation method comprises the following steps: I, selecting materials; II, removing impurities; III, putting dried zanthoxylum into a hopper of a stem rubbing machine for stem rubbing, thereby obtaining zanthoxylum shells; IV, cleaning and drying; V, weighing rapeseed oil, heating the rapeseed oil to 250-280 DEG C, keeping for 5-10 seconds, cooling to 68-85 DEG C, adding zanthoxylum shell materials, and soaking for 1-2 hours; VI, weighing olive oil, heating the olive oil to 105-125 DEG C, pouring the olive oil into a mixture obtained in the previous step to mix and stir for 1-2 minutes, standing for 35-50 minutes at a temperature of -5 DEG C to 5 DEG C, and heating to room temperature; and VII, performing oil and zanthoxylum separation. The preparation method of the fresh zanthoxylum oil, disclosed by the invention, is reasonably designed; the cleaned zanthoxylum shells are dehydrated better and more comprehensively, so that the acid value of the fresh zanthoxylum oil is prevented from rising, and flavor of the fresh zanthoxylum oil is kept; and no food additive is added, so that the fresh zanthoxylum is beneficial and harmless to a human body.