The invention discloses a breeding method for increasing the survival rate of penaeus vannamei. The breeding method includes the following steps that firstly, a breeding system is built, wherein the breeding system comprises a breeding pond, an exchange pond, a settling pond and a buffer pond; secondly, water in the breeding pond is pumped to the buffer pond, a mixture of chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder is added into the exchange pond, and antivirus water is obtained; thirdly, sludge on the upper layer of the bottom of the breeding pond is removed, a layer of quick lime is laid and spread on the bottom face of the breeding pond, after exposure is carried out till the pond bottom is sun-cracked, cracks of the quick lime on the bottom face of the breeding pond are swept, the antivirus water is injected, and a microbial regulator is sprayed; fourthly, fertilizer and water treatment is carried out, young shrimps are put, and the putting density of the young shrimps is 60,000-80,000 per mu. Physical removal and chemical killing are effectively combined, the antivirus effect is improved in order to improve the water body environment fundamentally, meanwhile, water body exchange is carried out through the arrangement of the exchange pond, a drainage assembly, a second sprayer and a flow receiving tank, and the survival rate of the penaeus vannamei is increased.