The application discloses a shield tunnel advanced water detection device and method based on an Ag / AgCl
electrode, which comprises a water detection sensor arranged on a
shield machine cutter disc
spoke, the water detection sensor comprising an Ag / AgCl
electrode and a wire connected with the Ag / AgCl
electrode, and being used for measuring the soil
potential difference at a shield tunnel face in a
shield machine tunneling process; a water detection sensor protective sleeve covering the outer periphery of the Ag / AgCl electrode and being installed on the
shield machine cutter disc
spoke, and being used for preventing the broken rock in the soil from damaging the water detection sensor in the shield
machine tunneling process; a kink and
fracture prevention mechanism connected with the wire connected with the Ag / AgCl electrode, and being used for preventing the wire from being wound or knotted due to rotation in the shield
machine cutter disc rotating tunneling process; and a
data monitoring and early warning device connected with the Ag / AgCl electrode through the wire, and being used for collecting and analyzing the measured data. The application can predict the distribution and content of water in front of the shield tunnel face, thereby providing reliable technical guidance and prediction.