This invention discloses a preparation process for medium- and short-chain structured lipids, belonging to the field of
structured lipid preparation technology. Addressing the technical problems of existing enzymatic methods for preparing medium- and short-chain structured lipids, such as high
enzyme dosage, high cost, long reaction cycle, and low
butyric acid binding rate, this invention employs a two-step
chemical synthesis method: First, using
glycerol and an equal
mass mixture of octanoic acid,
capric acid, and
lauric acid as raw materials, and tetrabutyl
titanate as a catalyst (addition amount 0.15%–0.3%), the reaction is carried out at 150℃ for 2 hours and 200℃ for 2 hours under
nitrogen protection to synthesize medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs). After
neutralization, washing, and vacuum deacidification purification, the mixture is mixed with
butyric acid at a
molar ratio of 1:1.5–2.5 and acidified at -0.08–-0.1 MPa and 140–180℃ for 4 hours to introduce short-chain fatty acids. Finally, the target product is obtained by vacuum
filtration through a 0.45 μm filter membrane. The total reaction time of this invention is only 8 hours, the product purity can reach 97.5%, the
butyric acid binding rate is 12.5% to 24.6%, no expensive
lipase is required, the production cost is greatly reduced, and it is suitable for industrial
continuous production.