The invention provides a projection method contour detection-based laser finishing device for a formed grinding wheel. The projection method contour detection-based laser finishing device for the formed grinding wheel specifically comprises a computer (1), a backlight source (2), a three-dimensional mobile station (3), a fiber laser (4), a laser ablation head (5), the formed grinding wheel (6), agrinding machine (7), a telecentric lens (8), a CCD camera (9) and an image collecting card (10). By combining visual inspection and laser finishing, the high-efficiency, high-precision and automaticformed grinding wheel finishing process can be achieved, running is stable, the later device maintaining and operation expenditure is very low, a great number of labor costs can be saved, considerablebenefits are brought to an enterprise, and the production cost is greatly saved. Meanwhile, according to a method, great flexibility is achieved, rapid dismounting and mounting can be achieved, the environment requirement of a detected object is extremely low, operation is easy and convenient, different types of measuring can be adapted to, and flexibility is extremely high.