The invention discloses a multi-dimensional data measuring device for a lump coal drilling process. The multi-dimensional data measuring device comprises an adsorption tank for adsorbing and desorbinglump coal, a reference tank which has the same size as the adsorption tank and is used for balancing pressure, and a high-low temperature test box for accommodating the adsorption tank and the reference tank, a temperature measuring drill rod is arranged in the adsorption tank, a non-contact magnetic coupling matching mode is adopted, the adsorption tank is driven by a driving motor to rotate, and the temperature measuring drill rod moves up and down through a propelling device; and the reference tank and the adsorption tank are respectively communicated with a gas source system for supplyinggas, a vacuum pumping system for pumping gas and a gas collecting device through a branch gas path and a main gas path. According to the method, various dimension data in the lump coal drilling process of the drill bit can be measured in different temperature environments,wherein the parameters comprise drill bit temperature change, while-drilling parameter change, lump coal gas content data, drill bit drilling process gas real-time analysis quantity and gas adsorption expansion deformation real-time monitoring data.