The invention provides a high temperature resistant and aging resistant chloroprene rubber composition. The high temperature resistant and aging resistant chloroprene rubber composition comprises the following components: chloroprene rubber, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, stearic acid, an anti-aging agent ODA, an anti-aging agent NAUGARD445, an anti-aging agent MB, paraffin, fast extruding carbon black N550, diatomaceous earth, semi-reinforcing carbon black N774, TegMer804, Paraplex A-8000, ethylene thiourea and an accelerant DM. By virtue of contrastive analysis of chloroprene rubber formula experiment, the formula performance can fully meet the standard requirement, the hot air aging resistance is prior to that of the traditional chloroprene rubber formula, and good performances can be preserved under the hot air environment of 125 DEG C. Intercooler rubber tubes are produced by using the chloroprene rubber formula so as to ensure normal use in an automobile of a turbocharging system; the performances of chloroprene rubber products are improved, so that the service life of the automobile is ensured, and the cost of the turbocharging system is reduced.