The invention discloses a large-pipe-diameter thin-wall pipe post-welded heat treatment device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of welding heat treatment. The device comprises steel pipe supporting seats (1), electric heating elements (2), insulating layers (3) on the electric heating elements (2), thermocouples (4), a binding material (5), an inner pipe wall heat preservation layer (6) and a supporting frame (7), wherein the electric heating elements (2) are basically equally and uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of a steel pipe (8), and each of the electric heating elements (2) and the corresponding thermocouple (4) are respectively connected with the corresponding heat treatment temperature control instrument. During use, the electric heatingelements (2) of the device is electrified and heated, so that an annular weld joint (9) of the steel pipe (8) and the nearby area are heated to the heat treatment temperature, cooling is carried outafter heat preservation, and then the post-welded heat treatment of the steel pipe is completed. By the adoption of the large-pipe-diameter thin-wall pipe post-welded heat treatment device and the using method thereof, a better welding heat treatment and heat preservation effect can be obtained, the heating temperature is controlled accurately, the heating temperature fluctuation is small, the heat treatment deformation can be reduced, and the performance uniformity after heat treatment can be improved.