The invention discloses a 
system for preparing nanofibers on a large scale by utilizing the electrostatic 
spinning process and a preparation method. The 
system comprises a vertical electrostatic 
spinning device, a substrate layer is arranged on the top of the vertical electrostatic 
spinning device, both ends of the substrate layer are respectively wound on a roller, both rollers are connected with motors, a collector is arranged on the top of the substrate layer, the vertical electrostatic spinning device comprises a reservoir, a lower needle plate and an upper needle plate are arranged in the reservoir, both ends of the two needle plates are respectively connected with a link mechanism through limit wheels, one end of the link mechanism is connected with a 
cam driving mechanism, the other end of the link mechanism is connected with a spring, spinning jets are arranged on the needle plates, 
metal electrodes are arranged on the bottom of the reservoir, and are connected with the 
anode of a direct-current 
high voltage generator and the lower ends of the spinning jets, and the 
cathode of the direct-current 
high voltage generator is grounded and connected with the collector. The invention also discloses the method for preparing nanofibers by utilizing the 
system. The system has a simple structure and high expansibility, the 
diameter uniformity of the prepared nanofibers is good, and the nanofibers can be widely used in fields, such as 
filtration, medical chemical and energy.