34 results about "Effective surface area" patented technology

According to the heat exchanger core body based on the composite three-period minimal curved surface structure and the design method, the advantages of various TPMS structures are integrated, and the balance of efficient heat exchange, low flow resistance and scaling prevention is achieved. The heat exchanger core body based on the composite three-period minimal curved surface structure is formed by combining at least two different three-period minimal curved surface (TPMS) unit structures in space, the TPMS unit structures of the heat exchanger core body in the fluid flowing direction are arranged in a partitioned mode, a Gyandroid structure with small pressure drop is adopted in a fluid inlet area, and the Gyandroid structure with small pressure drop is adopted in a fluid outlet area. A Diamond structure for enhancing heat exchange is adopted in a main body heat exchange area, and a Gyandroid structure with small pressure drop is adopted in an outlet area. The TPMS structure integrates the advantages of various TPMS structures, has a complex three-dimensional curved surface and a larger effective surface area, can better exchange heat with fluid, effectively optimizes fluid flow and reduces flow resistance, and the TPMS structure has the anti-scaling capacity by combining the smooth continuous curved surface characteristic with the surface treatment technology.

A continuous glucose monitor (CGM) sensor includes a glucose oxidation electrode and a counter electrode, and does not include a glucose-specific enzyme. The glucose oxidation electrode includes a nanoporous layer comprising metal nanoparticles. The CGM sensor generates an electrical signal indicative glucose oxidation in a liquid containing glucose, which has a correlation with an effective surface area of the metal nanoparticles in the nanoporous layer. When the CGM sensor is implanted in a subject's body, an AC voltage is applied between the glucose oxidation electrode and the counter electrode, and impedance is obtained. A glucose level for the subject is determined using the impedance without use of information or data related to glucose sensitivity of a sensor or sensors over use or time.

The application belongs to the technical field of functional coating materials, and particularly relates to a microcapsule encapsulated repairing agent, an anti-icing coating and a preparation method and application thereof. The microcapsule encapsulated repairing agent is prepared by taking a complex of epoxy resin and microcrystalline wax as a core material, wrapping the core material with an inorganic nanomaterial-graphene composite material to obtain a primary microcapsule, and then performing surface modification on the primary microcapsule with dopamine to form a photo-thermal modification layer. The microcapsule encapsulated repairing agent has a high-density micro-nano protrusion rough structure, which significantly increases the specific surface area of the microcapsule, greatly improves the effective surface area of photo-thermal conversion, and also helps to improve the bonding force between the microcapsule and the coating matrix.

Biologic matrices designed to facilitate wound healing and related methods are disclosed. A matrix comprises a three-dimensional, resorbable collagen scaffold derived from a vascularized portion of a perfusion-decellularized mammalian organ or tissue. The scaffold features a porous structure with a plurality of interconnected pores originating from one or more outer surfaces, which are defined by intact vascular pathways of the perfusion decellularized mammalian organ or tissue. The porous configuration substantially enhances the scaffold's effective surface area, making it at least 5 times greater than that of a non-porous scaffold having equivalent outer dimensions. In certain embodiments, the surface area considering the interconnected pores can be 10 times larger, 15 times larger, or more than the non-porous scaffold of equivalent outer dimensions. The density of the scaffold can range from 2 milligrams per cubic centimeter to 20 milligrams per cubic centimeter, inclusive, further optimizing the matrix's performance for wound healing applications.

Biologic matrices designed to facilitate wound healing and related methods are disclosed. A matrix comprises a three-dimensional, resorbable collagen scaffold derived from a vascularized portion of a perfusion-decellularized mammalian organ or tissue. The scaffold features a porous structure with a plurality of interconnected pores originating from one or more outer surfaces, which are defined by intact vascular pathways of the perfusion decellularized mammalian organ or tissue. The porous configuration substantially enhances the scaffold's effective surface area, making it at least 5 times greater than that of a non-porous scaffold having equivalent outer dimensions. In certain embodiments, the surface area considering the interconnected pores can be 10 times larger, 15 times larger, or more than the non-porous scaffold of equivalent outer dimensions. The density of the scaffold can range from 2 milligrams per cubic centimeter to 20 milligrams per cubic centimeter, inclusive, further optimizing the matrix's performance for wound healing applications.

Described herein are systems, devices, and methods for filtering a fluid. The fluid may include or may be suspected to include a particle. The systems may include a filtration housing and a filter at least partially compressed within the housing. Compression of the filter set by the housing may result in a gradation of effective pore sizes of the filter, allowing for particles of various sizes to be captured within the filter. The compression may additionally increase an effective surface area of the filter and allow for multidirectional flow of the fluid through the filter. The methods for use and manufacture of the filtration systems and devices may include arranging the filter within the housing such that at least a portion of the filter is compressed within the housing and a desired effective pore size of the filter is achieved.

A bipolar electrosurgical devices and methods of use for coagulation and ablation of tissue in a fluid-immersed working space is disclosed. The bipolar electrosurgical device can comprise a handle and an elongated shaft coupled to the handle. The bipolar electrosurgical device can further comprise a bipolar electrode arrangement and a return electrode. The bipolar electrode arrangement and the return electrode can be electrically insulated from one another. The bipolar electrosurgical device can further comprise an adjusting member carried by the elongated shaft. Movement of the adjusting member from a first position toward a second position can contemporaneously increase an effective surface area of the active electrode and decrease an effective surface area of the return electrode.

The present invention relates to a multi-tiered tip electrode and a pacing device (e.g., leadless or leaded device) that includes a multi-tiered tip electrode and a fixation helix for securing the pacing device at a patient tissue. The shape of the multi-tiered tip electrode in the axial / longitudinal direction stabilizes the attachment to the patient tissue and improves the electrical connection by providing a more effective surface area.

The present disclosure provides a solar cell, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaics. By setting the P region as a three-dimensional structure with a groove-shaped curved surface, the effective surface area of the P region is increased (rather than simply the geometric projected area) without changing the geometric area of the N region and affecting the depth requirement of the N-type doped phosphorus diffusion layer, thereby significantly improving the emitter current collection efficiency of the solar cell. In addition, the groove-shaped curved surface structure not only increases the effective collection area, but also optimizes the carrier transport path, reduces the lateral transport resistance, and the curved surface structure helps to improve the passivation layer coverage quality, thereby synergistically improving the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and the fill factor (FF), and ultimately improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell.

The present invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy and discloses a multi-level hydrogen evolution electrode material loaded with N-doped carbon on MoS2 and a preparation method thereof. The present invention uses MOF nanocones as templates to prepare nitrogen-doped carbon to increase the effective surface area and catalytic active sites of MoS2 loading, thereby preparing a MoS2-based multi-level structure composite catalyst with good electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. The self-supporting NC@MoS2 / CC composite electrode material prepared by the present invention has a multi-level porous structure constructed of interlaced nanosheets / nitrogen-doped carbon. When used for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction under acidic conditions, it can reach 10mA·cm ‑2 The overpotential of the current density is only 181.2mV, and the Tafel slope is 85.86mV·dec ‑1 It can effectively improve the catalytic activity and catalytic stability of the catalytic electrode.

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration system maintenance construction, and particularly discloses a cold coating construction process which comprises the following steps: S1, evaluating the total effective surface area S of metal in a target equipment system, and calculating the volume V of a required cold coating mixed solution; s2, preparing a liquid cold coating mixed solution with the volume of V; s3, continuously injecting the cold coating mixed liquid into the system at an injection pressure P lower than the operation pressure of the area under the condition that the target equipment system is kept in a normal operation state; s4, after injection is completed, the equipment system is kept running continuously, and the cold coating mixed liquid is distributed and forms a protective film on the metal surface through self circulation of the system; and S5, maintaining the continuous operation of the system for 24-72 hours to complete in-situ film formation. The device has the beneficial effects that injection is strictly limited on the low-pressure side, the pressure is controllable, sealing damage and safety risks caused by high-pressure injection are eradicated, and safety and reliability are achieved; the whole process does not need equipment shutdown, and normal production or operation is not affected.

The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette punching quality detection, in particular to a cigarette laser punching area characterization evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting cigarette filter tip surface punching three-dimensional form point cloud data, and preprocessing the collected cigarette filter tip surface punching three-dimensional form point cloud data; converting the preprocessed point cloud data of the punching three-dimensional form into an image, identifying a punching area in the image by using an image processing technology so as to identify positioning information of the punching area, and then cutting the punching area corresponding to the positioning information of the punching area in the image based on the positioning information of the punching area so as to obtain a cut punching area corresponding to the positioning information of the punching area; the method comprises the steps of cutting a perforated area image, converting the cut perforated area image into point cloud data, finally calculating the upper surface area and the effective surface area of one micropore in the cut perforated area image by using an integral algorithm based on the cut related point cloud data, and calculating the effective inner surface area of the micropore based on the calculation result of the upper surface area of the micropore and the calculation result of the effective inner surface area of the micropore. And evaluating the cigarette punching quality.

The utility model discloses a wet curtain component and humidifier relates to humidifier technical field, the wet curtain component includes a plurality of curtain core that stack up and down, the material of curtain core is washable material, and the middle part of a plurality of curtain core together encloses the wind channel that extends up and down, and the wind channel is connected with the wind channel. A plurality of air inlet channels communicated with the air passing channels are formed between every two adjacent curtain cores, a water storage tank extending in the circumferential direction of the curtain core is formed in the upper end face of each curtain core, and a plurality of water passing openings distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the water storage tank are formed in the inner wall of each water storage tank. Water in the water storage tank is distributed at the bottom of the water storage tank in the circumferential direction and then enters the multiple water passing openings to flow out. When the water in the lower water tank is guided into the curtain cores, the water needs to be distributed on the periphery of the bottom of the water storage tank and then flows out of the water passing openings in a concentrated mode, so that the water distribution action is conducted after a certain amount of water needs to be stored in the water storage tank, it is guaranteed that water can pass through each water passing opening, and the water distribution uniformity is guaranteed; therefore, the effective surface area of water evaporation is increased.

The invention belongs to the technical field of sensing materials, and particularly relates to an electrochemical sensing material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides an electrochemical sensing material. The electrochemical sensing material comprises Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x >, Pt and Na < + >, wherein the Pt and the Na < + > are positioned between layers of the Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x >; the surface of the Ti < 3 > C < 2 > T < x > is of a two-dimensional layered structure with a folded structure. According to the electrochemical sensing material provided by the invention, the surface of Ti3C2Tx is provided with wrinkles, an uneven topological structure is formed on the nanoscale, the effective surface area of an electrode in contact with an electrolyte is greatly increased, the transfer of charges can be remarkably improved, and the electrochemical performance is further improved.

A brushing mouthpiece is disclosed. The brushing mouthpiece has a boot seal and valve disposed between the handle and the brush head, which when a pressure on an inside of the bladder is less than a pressure on an outside of the bladder, the bladder draws air from the atmosphere into the pneumatic actuation system removing the negative internal pressure differential in the pneumatic actuation. A brushing mouthpiece may also have an S-convolute disposed in a membrane and adapted to enable paddle travel with minimal strain experienced by the membrane, while substantially minimizing an effective surface area of the membrane and substantially maximizing an effective surface of a paddle.

Thermal energy transmission from a cryocooler cold finger is enhanced by means of a high thermal conductivity material used for or placed adjacent the cold finger end cap. In addition, the actual or effective surface area contacted by the working gas proximate the endcap is increased, thereby increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient. These features permit the coolest gas expansion space in the cold finger to be provided within the highly thermally conductive end cap, unlike many conventional designs in which the cold finger of low thermally conductive metal forms the expansion space side walls and the endcap forms only the axially facing outer surface in contact with the cooled equipment. Having the expansion space built into the high thermally conductive end cap reduces the temperature drop between the load to be cooled and the gas (e.g., helium), thus increasing the thermodynamic cycle efficiency.

An energy harvesting textile device comprises a supporting textile layer and an optical layer supported by the supporting textile layer. The optical layer includes a plurality of solar cell segments spaced apart and extending across the optical layer, the segments being electrically interconnected by a wiring network comprising flexible and / or stretchable conductive elements. The configuration provides mechanical flexibility and / or stretchability compatible with the supporting textile layer while maintaining an effective surface area for electromagnetic energy capture and electricity generation.

Devices and methods of use for introduction and implantation of an electrode as part of a minimally invasive technique. An implantable baroreflex activation system includes a control system having an implantable housing, an electrical lead, attachable to the control system, and an electrode structure. The electrode structure is near one end of the electrical lead, and includes a monopolar electrode, a backing material having an effective surface area larger than the electrode, and a releasable pivotable interface to mate with an implant tool. The electrode is configured for implantation on an outer surface of a blood vessel and the control system is programmed to deliver a baroreflex therapy via the monopolar electrode to a baroreceptor within a wall of the blood vessel.

The invention belongs to the technical field of immune cell culture perfusion, and particularly relates to an immune cell culture perfusion device which comprises a base, a plurality of culture trays are arranged at the top of the base, fixing blocks are mounted at the bottoms of the culture trays in an inserted mode, a supporting rod is rotatably mounted at the top of the base, a sliding groove is formed in the supporting rod, and a lifting plate is slidably mounted in the sliding groove. A pump body is fixedly mounted at the top of the lifting plate, a water outlet pipe is fixedly mounted at the water outlet end of the pump body, the bottom end of the water outlet pipe penetrates through the lifting plate and is fixedly provided with a plurality of connecting pipes, and atomizing nozzles are fixedly mounted at the bottom ends of the connecting pipes and are located in the culture trays respectively, and a water inlet pipe is fixedly mounted at the water inlet end of the pump body; the sprayed culture medium can be uniformly attached to the inner wall of the culture disc, compared with the situation that the culture medium is locally gathered in a traditional device, the effective surface area of the culture medium in the culture disc is remarkably increased, and the contact efficiency of immune cells in the culture disc and the culture medium can be greatly improved through the larger surface area.

The utility model relates to the technical field of pet water dispensers, in particular to a filtering device and a pet water dispenser, the pet water dispenser comprises the filtering device, a water tank, a one-way water replenishing valve and a top cover, the filtering device comprises a first filtering module and a second filtering module, and a two-stage filtering structure is adopted. The water quality can be improved; the service life of the filter element is prolonged; the first filter module adopts a vertical filter element, and the water flow is easier to pass through the vertical filter element by utilizing the height gravity difference after the vertical filter element absorbs water, so that the filter effect is improved; the folding design is adopted, the effective surface area of the vertical filter element is increased by 5-15 times compared with that of a plane filter element, and the service life is prolonged; the second filtering module adopts the design of a composite filter element, harmful substances are filtered, meanwhile, water quality and taste are improved, elements beneficial to pets are added, the water intake of the pets is increased, and the physique of the pets is improved.

The application belongs to the technical field of noble metal detection, and particularly relates to a non-destructive determination method for gold quality of thick-layer gold-plated silver ornaments based on ultrasonic thickness measurement and application thereof. i The method comprises the following steps: sample preparation; ultrasonic thickness measurement: obtaining thickness values d of each measurement point; surface area measurement; gold quality calculation: according to the obtained thickness values and surface area, the gold quality is calculated according to the following formula after calibration: wherein, ρ(Au) is the density of gold, d(avg) is the average thickness of the gold layer, S is the effective surface area of the ornament, K is a comprehensive correction coefficient (i=1 to n), and n is the total number of effective measurement points; and uncertainty evaluation. The method can accurately determine the gold quality in the thick-layer gold-plated ornament without destroying the ornament, is particularly suitable for the detection of thick-layer gold-plated silver jewelry, and has the advantages of wide measurement range, high accuracy and suitability for complex-shaped ornaments.

A method and apparatus for thermal evaporation are provided. The thermal evaporator includes a flat crucible design, which provides an increased surface area for evaporation of the material to be deposited relative to conventional designs. The increased surface area for evaporation means that the more vapor of the evaporated material can be produced, which increases pressure inside the evaporator body leading to increased flow of the evaporated material out of the nozzles. The flat crucible can be attached to an evaporator body of the thermal evaporator. The flat crucible can be integrated within the evaporator body. The evaporator body can include a plurality of longitudinal grooves, which increase the surface area of the evaporator body. The thermal evaporator can include a plurality of baffles which divide the thermal evaporator into separate compartments.

The disclosed is a sound-absorbing microsphere, method and a speaker. The sound-absorbing microsphere is composed of molecular sieves and adhesives. The sound-absorbing microsphere includes a spherical body and one or more hollow structures formed by depressions on a surface of the spherical body. A maximum depth or width of the hollow structure is 2% to 50% of a diameter of the spherical body. One or more hollow structures connected to the outside are fabricated on the sound-absorbing microsphere, such that the microsphere has a larger effective surface area capable of absorbing more gas molecules, thereby achieving better sound-absorbing effects. By filling the sound-absorbing microsphere into the speaker, better frequency reduction effects are achieved, and the sound performance is significantly improved. The sound-absorbing microsphere according to the present disclosure has a larger effective surface area, such that the effects of frequency reduction are bettered, and the sound performance is improved.

Devices and methods of use for introduction and implantation of an electrode as part of a minimally invasive technique. An implantable baroreflex activation system includes a control system having an implantable housing, an electrical lead, attachable to the control system, and an electrode structure. The electrode structure is near one end of the electrical lead, and includes a monopolar electrode, a backing material having an effective surface area larger than the electrode, and a releasable pivotable interface to mate with an implant tool. The electrode is configured for implantation on an outer surface of a blood vessel and the control system is programmed to deliver a baroreflex therapy via the monopolar electrode to a baroreceptor within a wall of the blood vessel.

The present application relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and discloses a gradient expansion coronary expansion balloon and a use method, which comprises a main balloon body, the side surface of the main balloon body is respectively provided with a front end auxiliary balloon body and a rear end auxiliary balloon body along the axial direction thereof, the front end auxiliary balloon body is used for forming support for the normal blood vessel at the distal end of the lesion segment, and the rear end auxiliary balloon body is used for forming support for the normal blood vessel at the proximal end of the lesion segment, so as to realize gradient support in cooperation with the main balloon body, and a multi-cavity delivery catheter extending along the axial direction of the main balloon body is arranged on the main balloon body. The present application can form gradient support for the blood vessel at the lesion segment and the proximal end and the distal end of the lesion segment, avoids the rapid elastic retraction of the blood vessel wall to the lesion segment after the balloon is deflated, increases the effective surface area of the drug carrying, realizes the precise local delivery of high-dose drugs, and can independently adjust the inflation pressure of the main balloon body, the front end auxiliary balloon body and the rear end auxiliary balloon body.

The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum nitride crystal, in particular to a raw material preparation method suitable for growing aluminum nitride crystal by physical vapor transport method, comprising the following steps: sintering aluminum nitride powder to form an intermediate in an inert atmosphere; sintering the intermediate in a nitrogen atmosphere, and the temperature difference between the bottom and the top of the container containing the intermediate is 10-20 DEG C. In the present application, the impurity atoms in the sintered aluminum nitride powder are separated from the aluminum nitride lattice in the high temperature process for the first time, and new nitrogen vacancies are generated inside. Through the second sintering, the material is shaped and nitrogen is supplemented. In the nitrogen atmosphere, through high temperature treatment and reducing the temperature difference of the container containing the intermediate, on the one hand, it can promote the combination of nitrogen atoms and aluminum atoms in aluminum nitride, fill the nitrogen vacancies and increase the content of nitrogen atoms; on the other hand, it can reduce the sublimation of aluminum nitride raw material, reduce the loss of the intermediate, and at the same time, it can also form aluminum nitride raw material with a certain porosity and increase the effective surface area.

A sound-absorbing microsphere and a preparation method therefor, and a loudspeaker. A sound-absorbing microsphere (100) is composed of a molecular sieve and an adhesive. The sound-absorbing microsphere (100) comprises a spherical body (101), and one or more hollow structures (102) recessed from the surface of the spherical body (101); and the maximum depth or the maximum width of the hollow structure (102) is 2% to 50% of the diameter of the spherical body (101). By forming the one or more hollow structures (102) in communication with the outside in the sound-absorbing microsphere (100), the sound-absorbing microsphere has a larger effective surface area and can adsorb more gas molecules, thereby achieving a better sound absorption effect, and the sound-absorbing microsphere filled in a loudspeaker (10) can achieve a better frequency reduction effect and significantly improve the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker. Compared with the prior art, the sound-absorbing microsphere (100) has a large effective surface area, and achieves good frequency reduction effect and great acoustic performance.

A system for treating aggregate for use in a concrete mixture comprising an intermediary hopper for receiving the aggregate, and an agent source in fluid communication with the intermediary hopper for applying a treatment agent to the aggregate deposited into the intermediary hopper. The treatment agent may be applied to the aggregate prior to the aggregate being used in a concrete hydration process. Method for treating aggregate for use in a concrete mixture comprising feedback control of the application of the treatment agent based at least on measured properties of the aggregate, the treatment agent, and / or the intermediary hopper. Method for treating aggregate for use in a concrete mixture comprising depositing and treating the aggregate as a plurality of batches to increase effective surface area for thermal exchange.

The application discloses a sheet-shaped Fe3O4 magnetic material, which is a two-dimensional sheet-shaped structure, has a size of 30-120 nm, a thickness of 6-8 nm, and a specific surface area of 0.3-0.4 nm 2 / nm 3 Unlike the spherical magnetic beads in the prior art, the specific surface area of the spherical magnetic beads is limited, the binding capacity is limited, and it is difficult to balance the magnetic response efficiency and the liquid phase dispersibility. The sheet-shaped Fe3O4 magnetic material has a larger effective surface area, better liquid phase suspension stability and a rapid magnetic response capacity within 30 seconds. Taking the sheet-shaped Fe3O4 magnetic material as a starting point, a silica coating layer and a carboxyl group are further introduced on the surface of the sheet-shaped Fe3O4 magnetic material in sequence, a carboxyl functional interface capable of being combined with a bioactive molecule through a covalent method is constructed, and a PS peptide having the ability of recognizing an exosome membrane marker sequence is fixed on the surface of the magnetic material in an amide bond mode, so that high-selective capture and enrichment of blood or cell-derived exosomes are realized.

This invention discloses a three-dimensional interdigitated electrode and its preparation method, belonging to the field of interdigitated electrode technology. The three-dimensional interdigitated electrode of this invention achieves a multiplier increase in the effective surface area of ​​the electrode through the synergistic design of "multi-layer stacking" and "three-dimensional micropillars." The multi-layer structure allows the electrode to extend spatially in the vertical direction, while the three-dimensional micropillar structure on each layer surface further increases the planar roughness and effective area. Compared with traditional single-layer planar interdigitated electrodes, the specific surface area of ​​this invention can be increased by several to tens of times, greatly increasing the electrochemical active sites, thereby significantly improving the detection sensitivity of the sensor and meeting the needs of trace substance detection. The interdigitated electrode of this invention has a unique three-dimensional structure that forms uniform electrode gaps in both the transverse and longitudinal directions, thereby constructing a complex three-dimensional electric field that penetrates three-dimensional space. This three-dimensional electric field not only increases the interaction area with the analyte but also more effectively captures and detects the analyte.