The invention discloses 13 QTLs (quantitative trait loci) of related traits of radish fleshy root, which locate at chromosomes Chr1, Chr2, Chr3, Chr4, Chr5, Chr6, Chr7 and Chr8 respectively and have gene sequences shown as SEQ ID NO. 1 to SEQ ID NO. 48, and also discloses a method of positioning the above QTLs. The method includes: (1) constructing F2 segregation population; (2) acquiring and statistically analyzing related phenotypic trait data (root length, root thickness and root weight) of fleshy root of female and male parents and F1 and F2 segregation populations; (3) extracting DNA forthe female and male parents and F1 and F2 segregation populations; (4) screening polymorphic SSR (simple sequence repeat) primers, and genotyping the female and male parents and F1 and F2 segregationpopulations; (5) constructing a genetic map; (6) using the software MapQTL 4.0 to perform QTLs analysis. The QTLs and the method have the advantages that linkage map of radishes is connected to its genome physical map for the first time, 2 QTLs to control the radish root length are positioned for the first time, and variety breeding efficiency is improved accordingly.