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109 results about "Chromosome number" patented technology

In any given asexually reproducing species, the chromosome number is always the same. In sexually reproducing organisms, the number of chromosomes in the body (somatic) cells typically is diploid (2n; a pair of each chromosome), twice the haploid (1n) number found in the sex cells, or gametes.

Method and device for quick contrast and analysis of short sequence for second-generation sequencing

The invention discloses a method and a device for quick contrast and analysis of a short sequence for second-generation sequencing, which can solve the problems of low contrast efficiency and high memory occupation ratio of sequencing data. The method comprises the following steps of obtaining a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) short sequence obtained by sequencing, and respectively mapping and encoding the DNA short sequence by a first hash algorithm and a second hash algorithm, so as to respectively obtain a first index and a second index; according to a preset index query library, the first index and the second index, contrasting the DNA short sequence and a reference gene group, wherein the index query library consists of an unit structure array, and each unit structure comprises value and index 2; storing the array index offset of each unit structure as the corresponding index 1, namely the index value corresponding to the structure array, wherein K is the length of segment sequence; according to the contrast result, when the contrast result is correct, obtaining the value of the K-mer segment contrasted with the corresponding DNA short sequence, and determining the chromosome number of the corresponding DNA short sequence and the site on the chromosome.
Owner:北京普康瑞仁医学检验所有限公司

Grey scale characteristic graph-based automatic separation method for conglutinated chromosomes

InactiveCN101520890AHigh degree of automationGood Continuity Boundary EffectImage analysisState of artBoundary effects
The invention provides an automatic separation method for conglutinated chromosomes. The method firstly carries out immersion and corrosion processing operation based on a grey scale characteristic graph of chromosomes, and then carries out conditioned expansion recovery processing operation. The invention designs a grey scale characteristic graph-based morphological processing method to separate the chromosomes which are seriously conglutinated but are neither sheltered nor overlapped. The method solves the technical problems and fills up the technical vacancy of separating the chromosomes which are seriously conglutinated but are neither sheltered nor overlapped in the prior art, meets the requirements of accurately separating the conglutinated chromosomes and detecting the number of the chromosomes in medical fields of chromosome analysis, cell research, pathological analysis, and the like, and further improves the automaticity in a chromosome analysis system. The method provides individual chromosomes with good continuous boundary effect and independence for the automatic separation processing in the chromosome analysis system, and particularly keeps concave and convex details of original chromosome image boundary completely and clearly so as to improve the separation automaticity of the conglutinated chromosomes and the accuracy of the chromosome number counting.
Owner:GUANGDONG VTRON TECH CO LTD

Methods for producing fertile crosses between wild and domestic soybean species

Methods for producing hybrids between domestic and wild soybean that are fertile and can be further bred with other soybean plants are provided, thus allowing transfer of desirable traits and genes from the wild soybean into the domestic soybean. This invention also provides novel media for producing callus and multiple somatic embryos, as well as novel media for producing multiple shoots from the embryos. The hybrid plants are made fertile by colchicine treatment to double their chromosome number so that they can be backcrossed into domestic soybean. These methods and media allow the production of elite soybean lines containing traits or genes from wild soybean as well as a minimum amount of additional wild soybean DNA. Backcrosses containing only one wild soybean chromosome can be produced, as well as sets of such backcrossed lines that each contain one chromosome from the wild ancestor, but collectively all the wild chromosomes from the hybrid ancestor. Plants and plant progeny and plant tissue (tissue including seeds) of plants produced by the foregoing methods are also provided. The methods do not require genetic modification, and thus this invention allows production of domestic soybean plants that are not genetically-modified organisms (non-GMO) but that express desirable traits derived from wild soybean.
Owner:UNIV OF ILLINOIS

Method for cultivating corn allopolyploid by using unreduced gamete characteristic of tripsacum dactyloides

The invention discloses a method for cultivating a corn allopolyploid by using an unreduced gamete characteristic of tripsacum dactyloides, belonging to the field of corn distance hybridization. The method comprises the steps of: hybridizing an MTF-1 (metal-responsive transcription factor) as a female parent with corn or tetraploid perennation corn as a male parent, and then selecting a filial generation plant which is capable of overwintering, namely a new corn allopolyploid, wherein the tiller number of the filial generation plant is more than 15 and the chromosome number of the filial generation plant is a sum of the chromosome number of a female parent and the chromosome number of the male parent. According to the method provided by the invention, the dysgenesis of corn affinis species is overcome and a good inheritance basis is provided for breeding ground-breaking corn species by using the bred corn allopolyploid as a bridge material transfer character. In addition, the method provided by the invention provides a model to breed allopolyploids of other species. The corn allopolyploid bred by the method provided by the invention is perennial, adopts vegetative propagation, and provides a material to corn allopolyploid origin and evolution research and allopolyploid breeding. The method provided by the invention is simple, is short in time, high in efficiency and small in workload.
Owner:SICHUAN AGRI UNIV

Cultivation method for inducing autotetraploid of paulownia catalpifolia by colchicine

The invention introduces an effective inductive cultivation method for an autotetraploid of paulownia catalpifolia by using leaves of a diplontic paulownia catalpifolia tissue culture seedling. The method comprises: pre-cultivating the leaves of paulownia catalpifolia for 6 days, wherein the concentration of added colchicine is 30 mg / L, the concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide is 2%, and the soaking time is 48 hours; performing shake cultivation, wherein the induction rate of the tetraploid paulownia catalpifolia reaches 14.5%; detecting that the chromosome number of root tip cells of variant plants of paulownia catalpifolia is 80 by virtue of a chromosome counting method, wherein the chromosome number is two times of that of the corresponding diplontic paulownia catalpifolia; and detecting that the unicellular DNA content of the tetraploid leaves of the paulownia catalpifolia are two times of those of the corresponding diplontic paulownia catalpifolia by using a flow cytometer, showing that a tetraploid paulownia catalpifolia plant is obtained. The cultivation method for inducing autotetraploid of paulownia catalpifolia by colchicine disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being wide in material drawing, simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, high in induction rate and the like, and is of certain guiding significance for woody plants, the tetraploid of which is not easily obtained.
Owner:HENAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

Subfamily distant hybridization for German mirror carp and megalobrama amblycephala and application of tetraploid hybrid fishes

The invention discloses a subfamily distant hybridization for German mirror carp and megalobrama amblycephala. The method comprises the following steps of artificial dry-process fertilization on the ova of the pubescent German mirror carp and sperms of the megalobrama amblycephala by taking the German mirror carp as a female parent and the megalobrama amblycephala as a male parent, hatching fertilized ova at the water temperature of 19-20 DEG C, and breeding fries in a pond; then, detecting the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) content, the chromosome number and the blood cell sizes of the fries by a flow cytometry DNA content determination method, a chromosome ploidy detection method of peripheral blood cell culture and a blood smear method, screening, and then preparing to obtain triploid hybrid fishes and tetraploid hybrid fishes. A tetraploid fish strain which is genetically stable and has four sets of crucian carp chromosomes can be formed by subsequent self-cross selective breeding of the tetraploid hybrid fishes, and the tetraploid fish strain can be used as a resource for breeding the infertile triploid fishes. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that not only are the characters of hybrid offspring good but also a good foundation can be laid for variety breeding, and a precious resource is provided for subsequent breeding of new polyploid fishes.
Owner:湖南岳麓山水产育种科技有限公司

Method for identifying carnation chromosome number by bud

InactiveCN101613755AAddressing the Disadvantages of Poor DispersionSolve hard-to-count puzzlesMicrobiological testing/measurementMaterial analysis by optical meansBudMaterial resources
The invention provides a method for identifying carnation chromosome number by bud, comprising: obtaining bud anther, ovary wall and corolla tissue, pre-treating ice water mixture, fixing by stationary liquid, dyeing, dissociating with hydrochloric acid, tabletting and microscopic examining. Compared with the traditional method that a root tip tissue is used for chromosome tabletting, the invention solves the disadvantages of few visual filed cells, difficult microscopic examination and poor chromosome dispersion during root tip chromosome tabletting, and overcomes the problems of long rootage period for carnation cutting seedling and time and labor wasting for cutting; compared with stem tip chromosome tabletting, the invention overcomes the interference problem of non-meristematic cell or reserve substance or secretion, chromosome tabletting can be realized only by using buds, which does not damage plant growing state and has convenient material resource; in addition, a plurality of metaphase cells exist, so that the difficulties of small carnation chromosome, huge quantity and hard counting of the chromosome can be solved. Thus, when plants bloom, the effective method is that the bud is used for chromosome tabletting.
Owner:FLOWER RES INST OF YUNNAN ACAD OF AGRI SCI

Breeding method of brassica napus capable of being specially adopted as green manure

The invention relates to a breeding method of brassica napus variety capable of being specially adopted as a green manure. The method comprises that brassica oleracea type hybrid brassica campestris is selected as the female parent and is subjected to interspecific hybridization with white brassica parachinensis to obtain a F1 generation hybrid species; the F1 generation hybrid species and the female parent are subjected to backcrossing to obtain BC1F1 seeds; the seeds are cultivated and are subjected to selfing to obtain BC1F2 seeds; the single plant having the chromosome number close to the brassica campestris female parent is selected to carry out selfing to obtain BC1F3 seeds; the single plant having the chromosome number n of 19 is further selected to carry out selfing to obtain BC1F4 seeds; and the BC1F4 seeds are subjected to subsequent multi-generation selfing, wherein the short growth period of the plant is adopted as the main limiting target character during the multi-generational selfing process and the consistent directional system selection in the line is performed until the brassica napus variety capable of being specially adopted as the green manure is obtained. With the breeding method of the present invention, the brassica napus variety capable of being specially adopted as the green manure and with characteristics of short growth period, strong adaptability, high biological yield and low seed production cost can be bred out.
Owner:湖南省作物研究所

Artificial cultivation and seedling industrial production method of dendrobium nobile polyploid compound

The invention relates to an artificial cultivation and seedling industrial production method of a dendrobium nobile polyploid compound, which comprises the following steps of: carrying out artificial pollination in a flowering period of common dendrobium nobile, inoculating harvested seeds in a 1/2MS liquid nutrient medium for nonsymbiotic germination cultivation, transferring protocorm of seeds in a proembryo stage into a 1/2MS liquid nutrient medium containing 0.01% of colchicin for mutagenesis cultivation, then transferring into 1/2MS solid nutrient medium for cultivation till seedlings ofdendrobium nobile are formed, carrying out flowering cultivation on tetraplont seedlings with chromosome numbers of 2n=76, taking tetraplont as a female parent and diploid as a male parent or taking diploid as a female parent and tetraplont as a male parent for hybridization to obtain the triploid; transferring triploid hybridized seeds in a formation early state into the 1/2MS liquid nutrient medium containing 0.01% of colchicin for carrying out artificial mutation hexaploid treatment for 150-180h, and then transferring into the 1/2MS solid nutrient medium till the seedlings are formed, selecting seedlings with chromosome numbers of 2n=114 as tetraplont dendrobium nobile for carrying out bottle seedling transplanting, and finally cultivating and managing according to a conventional method till flowering. The invention lays the foundation for the popularization of new varieties of the dendrobium nobile.
Owner:NANKAI UNIV
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