The invention provides a nano enzyme with a nanometer cage core of a hollow gold-platinum alloy and a shell of a porous silicon dioxide, a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs tothe field of nanometer materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: etching a gold core platinum shell nanostructure through potassium hexachloroplatinate to obtain a nanocage ofhollow gold-platinum alloy; coating silicon dioxide on the surface of the nanocage through tetraethyl silicate; and obtaining the nano enzyme taking the nanometer cage, in a round rod shape, of the hollow gold-platinum alloy as a core, and a silicon dioxide shell as the periphery of the core. The length of the core is 80 to 100 nm, and the diameter is 20 to 25 nm. The shell is provided with a channel of 3 to 5 nm. The nano enzyme is negatively charged. The antigen can be bound by an attractive effect of positive and negative electric charges to form a nano enzyme label antigen complex, which is used for performing enzyme linked immunoassay. According to the nano enzyme with the nanometer cage core of the hollow gold-platinum alloy and the shell of the porous silicon dioxide, the preparation method and the application thereof, the cost of a reagent of the natural enzyme label antigen complex is reduced, the working environment of enzyme linked immunodetection is extended, the defects that the natural enzyme is easy to deactivate and denature, etc., are overcame, and the nano enzyme can be widely applied to various enzyme linked immunodetection.