76results about How to "High salt concentration" patented technology

The sequencing of individual monomers (e.g., a single nucleotide) of a polymer (e.g., DNA, RNA) is improved by reducing the motion of the polymer due to thermally-driven diffusion to reduce the spatial error in the position of the polymer within a measurement device. A major system parameter, such as average translocation velocity or measurement time, is selected based on the characteristics of the sensing system utilized, and an algorithm jointly optimizes the sequencing order error rate and the monomer identification error rate of the system.

A process for producing a separator-electrolyte layer for use in a lithium battery, comprising: (a) providing a porous separator; (b) providing a quasi-solid electrolyte containing a lithium salt dissolved in a first liquid solvent up to a first concentration no less than 3 M; and (c) coating or impregnating the separator with the electrolyte to obtain the separator-electrolyte layer with a final concentration ≧the first concentration so that the electrolyte exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a vapor pressure less than 60% of that of the first liquid solvent alone, a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than a flash point of the first liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no detectable flash point. A battery using such a separator-electrolyte is non-flammable and safe, has a long cycle life, high capacity, and high energy density.

A separator-electrolyte layer product for use in a lithium battery, comprising: (a) a porous thin-film separator selected from a porous polymer film, a porous mat, fabric, or paper made of polymer or glass fibers, or a combination thereof, wherein the separator has a thickness less than 500 μm; and (b) a non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte containing a lithium salt dissolved in a liquid solvent up to a concentration no less than 3 M; wherein the porous thin-film separator is coated with the quasi-solid electrolyte so that the layer product exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a vapor pressure less than 60% of the vapor pressure of the liquid solvent alone, a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than a flash point of the first liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no detectable flash point.

The invention discloses a resource-recyclable zero-discharge treatment technology for desulfurization wastewater in a power plant. The resource-recyclable zero-discharge treatment technology sequentially comprises triple-box pretreatment, double-alkali scale removal, tubular UF ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and acid and alkali recycling. Deep zero-discharge treatment of the desulfurization wastewater in the power plant is achieved, and sodium chloride contained in the wastewater is fully utilized and directly prepared into available acid / alkali so as to achieve resource recycling.

A lateral flow assay device for determining the relative ionic strength of urine is described. The device includes a buffering zone having a polyelectrolyte disposed therein, and an indicator zone having a pH indicator non-diffusively immobilized therein, the indicator zone being separate from the buffering zone and positioned adjacent to and in fluid communication with the buffering zone. A detection zone is part of the buffering zone, and has a buffering component comprising a weak polymeric acid and weak polymeric base with a pKa ≦10−3, and a class of charged polymeric surfactants that are responsive to relative ion concentrations in a sample solution, and a charged pH indicator with a charge opposite to that of the charged polymeric surfactant. The charged polymeric surfactant is soluble in amounts of greater than or equal to about 1% by weight (≧1 wt. % solute) in water and aqueous solutions of low ionic concentration of ≦0.1 wt. % salts, but insoluble (<1 wt. % solute) in aqueous solution of high ionic concentrations of >0.1 wt. % salts. The present invention also describes absorbent articles incorporating such an assay device and methods of monitoring dehydration or testing ion strength of a urine sample using such a test format.

The present invention relates to drilling fluid compositions and methods of using the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of treating a subterranean formation including obtaining or providing a drilling fluid composition including a viscosifier including at least one of a poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymer, a crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol), and a crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymer. The method also includes placing the composition in a subterranean formation.

Offshore wind turbine (14) including a tower (1) rising above sea level (12) and one or ore blades (4), which can be put into rotation by wind. The offshore wind turbine includes a pump (6), which is adapted to pump sea water (13) up form the sea. At the delivery side the pump (6) communicates with nozzles (8, 9), said nozzles being adapted to direct sea water to the surface of the blades (4).

The invention discloses an ultra-clean emission system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas, and belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment. The system and method comprise the following devices and flow successively, and the device sequentially comprises an SNCR high-temperature denitration system, a quench tower, a dry deacidification system, a low-filtering-speed bag type dust collector, a double-tower double-circulation wet deacidification system, a honeycomb tube type wet electric demister, a flue gas reheater, an induced air exhaust system and the like. By the adoption of the system and method, toxic gas and impurities in incineration flue gas can be effectively reduced and removed, and the clean emission degree is achieved.

A lateral flow assay device for determining the relative ionic strength of urine is described. The device includes a buffering zone having a polyelectrolyte disposed therein, and an indicator zone having a pH indicator non-diffusively immobilized therein, the indicator zone being separate from the buffering zone and positioned adjacent to and in fluid communication with the buffering zone. A detection zone is part of the buffering zone, and has a buffering component comprising a weak polymeric acid and weak polymeric base with a pKa≦10−3, and a class of charged polymeric surfactants that are responsive to relative ion concentrations in a sample solution, and a charged pH indicator with a charge opposite to that of the charged polymeric surfactant. The charged polymeric surfactant is soluble in amounts of greater than or equal to about 1% by weight (≧1 wt. % solute) in water and aqueous solutions of low ionic concentration of ≦0.1 wt. % salts, but insoluble (<1 wt. % solute) in aqueous solution of high ionic concentrations of >0.1 wt. % salts. The present invention also describes absorbent articles incorporating such an assay device and methods of monitoring dehydration or testing ion strength of a urine sample using such a test format.

The present invention is a method of separating recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) from low molecular weight contaminants in a liquid, which method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a separation medium, which includes anion-exchanging ligands coupled to a base matrix; and (b) contacting the liquid with the separation medium to adsorb the rHSA to the ligands. In one embodiment, the functional groups of the ligands are weak anion-exchanging groups, preferably secondary amines, and the density of ligands on the base matrix is relatively high.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing ectoine and hydroxy ecto by cultivating halophilic microorganisms with reasonable cost to improve the synthesis efficiency of ectoine and hydroxy ecto. The method for cultivating halophilic microorganisms of the present invention to produce hydroxyectoine comprises the following steps: (1) strain activation; (2) seed cultivation; (3) fermentation stage; (4) reducing the salt concentration of the culture medium by feeding Rapidly increase to 3-3.5M, and then continue to cultivate for 3-8h, so that the synthesis of ectoine is greatly increased; (5) raise the culture temperature from the optimal growth temperature to a higher temperature, continue to cultivate for 3-10h, and obtain a higher High yield of ectoine synthesis. In the invention, the fermentation inoculation strain is cultivated by means of osmotic pressure shock and heat shock in the fermentation process, and the synthesis rate of ectoine and hydroxy ectoine is greatly improved at a reasonable cost.

Disclosed are: a fat-reduced soymilk having a reduced fat content, which is produced by separating a fat from a fat-containing soybean efficiently without relying on an organic solvent; and a novel fat-rich soybean material. Specifically disclosed are: a fat-reduced soybean protein material characterized by containing a protein and a carbohydrate at a total content of 80 wt % or more in terms of dried form content, containing a fat (as an extract from a chloroform / methanol mixed solvent) at a content of less than 10 wt % relative to the content of the protein, and containing campesterol and stigmasterol (as plant-derived sterols) at a total content of 200 mg or more relative to 100 g of a fat; and a soybean emulsion composition characterized by containing a protein at a content of 25 wt % or more in terms of dried form content, containing a fat at a content of 100 wt % or more in terms of dried form content relative to the content of the protein in terms of dried form content, and having an LCI value of 60% or more.

Devices and methods for producing purified water. The device includes a reverse osmosis subsystem, a dehumidification subsystem and a purified water storage tank fluidly coupled to the subsystems such that purified water produced by each can be locally stored. A vehicular platform, such as a ship, can be used to locate the device adjacent a supply of saline water and humid air. A saline water inlet, membrane and purified water outlet cooperate in the reverse osmosis subsystem to allow preferential passage of water relative to salt in a saline water supply, while the dehumidification subsystem includes a heat exchanger that extracts moisture from the ambient humid air. Purified water produced by each of the subsystems can be used as a potable water source. When used in conjunction with a ship, part or all of the reverse osmosis subsystem can be submersed to a depth sufficient to generate a hydrostatic pressure that is in turn sufficient to passively operate the reverse osmosis membrane such that additional pressurizing equipment, such as a pump, is not needed. Furthermore, the temperature of the water purified by the reverse osmosis subsystem may be low enough to be used as a condensing agent for the ambient humid air passing through the dehumidification subsystem.

A separator-electrolyte layer product for use in a lithium battery, comprising: (a) a porous thin-film separator selected from a porous polymer film, a porous mat, fabric, or paper made of polymer or glass fibers, or a combination thereof, wherein the separator has a thickness less than 500 μm; and (b) a non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte containing a lithium salt dissolved in a liquid solvent up to a concentration no less than 3 M; wherein the porous thin-film separator is coated with the quasi-solid electrolyte so that the layer product exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a vapor pressure less than 60% of the vapor pressure of the liquid solvent alone, a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than a flash point of the first liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no detectable flash point.

The invention discloses a phosgenation reactor and a method for preparing an isocyanate monomer by using the phosgenation reactor. The phosgenation reactor comprises an inner material inlet pipe, an outer material inlet pipe, a mechanical stirring rotation shaft, a rotation area and a kettle body, wherein the rotation area comprises a support structure, a rotation area filler block, an upper material outlet device and a lower material outlet device, the inner material inlet pipe and the outer material inlet pipe are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, the upper material outlet device and the lower material outlet device are arranged in parallel, are connected through the support structure, and are respectively communicated to the outer material inlet pipe and the inner material inlet pipe, the rotation area filler block is filled between the upper material outlet device and the lower material outlet device, the upper material outlet device is connected to the mechanical stirringrotation shaft, and the kettle body is provided with a gas phase material outlet, a liquid phase material outlet, a gas phase material inlet and a liquid phase material inlet. According to the present invention, by pre-treating the hydrochloride solution in the reactor, the salt forming concentration and the quality of the hydrochloride solution are improved while the rapid removal of hydrogen chloride gas during the phosgenation is achieved, such that the generation of chlorination by-products is effectively reduced, and the product separation difficulty is reduced.

The invention discloses a resourceful treatment method for isobutyrate waste water, and relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of industrial waste. The method includes the steps: enabling isobutyrate to transform into water solution of isobutyric acid and sulfate by the aid of concentrated sulfuric acid; enabling the content of isobutyric acid in sulfate water solution to reduce to 0.5-1wt% at the salting-out temperature ranges from 32 DEG C to 75 DEG C under the salting-out action of sodium sulfate; performing simple distillation, and enabling COD (chemical oxygen demand) in a water phase to reduce to 2000mgO2 / L or less. The mass fraction of organic matters in obtained sodium sulfate or calcium sulfate is lower than 0.2wt%, the organic matters can serve as product to be sold, the obtained isobutyric acid can be circularly used for production of sixteen alcohol ester after be refined, and the isobutyrate waste water is recycled.

The present invention relates to the purification and production of human albumin from various sources through crystallization and repeated crystallization. Basic features of the invented process include providing specific reaction conditions and precipitating reagents to maximize albumin crystallization. Solubility diagrams are utilized as the basis for process control of the invented method. The current invention specifically controls phosphate concentration, pH and temperature to precisely guide crystallization kinetics and crystal yield.

A phosphazene compound and an ionic liquid are added to a non-aqueous electrolyte to provide a less flammable electric double layer capacitor in which decline in storage characteristics under a high temperature and deterioration under a high charging voltage are suppressed.

A phosphazene compound and an ionic liquid are added to a non-aqueous electrolyte to provide a less flammable electric double layer capacitor in which decline in storage characteristics under a high temperature and deterioration under a high charging voltage are suppressed.

A process for desalinating water is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of passing a feed stream of saline solution 2′ in a first desalination step through a reverse osmosis membrane desalination plant 3′ comprising at least one reverse osmosis desalination unit 4′ to form a first product water stream 5′ having a reduced salt concentration relative to that of the feed stream of saline solution 2′ and a first byproduct stream 6′ having an increased salt concentration relative to that of the feed stream of saline solution 2′ characterized in that the first byproduct stream 6′ is passed in a second desalination step through a suspension crystallization unit 7 to form a second product water stream 8 having a reduced salt concentration relative to that of the first byproduct stream 6′ and a second byproduct stream 9 having an increased salt concentration relative to that of the first byproduct stream 6′. The invention further relates to an apparatus 1 for carrying out said process. The present invention further relates also to the use of the process or apparatus 1 for the reduction of the volume of the first byproduct stream of a reverse osmosis membrane desalination plant 3′, preferably an in-land desalination plant 3′, or in a device or plant or process for producing desalinated water, for salt production, for co-production of power and desalinated water, or for air conditioning.

The present invention relates to the fabrication of a grafted, UV photo-polymerized silica-based monolithic column and the use of such column for the extraction of DNA. In one embodiment, a method is provided for fabricating a silica-based monolithic column, wherein a vessel is filled with a polymerization mixture that is formed into monolithic solid phase for DNA extraction through in situ photo-polymerization.

The invention discloses a zero discharge method for desulfurization waste water. The method comprises the steps of pretreatment, chemical reaction treatment, separation treatment, purification filter treatment, washing of a membrane by using tap water, membrane distillation crystallization, and the like. The method removes heavy metal ions, hardness ions of calcium and magnesium, silicon, COD and other pollutants before reverse osmosis of concentrated water, a main engine for reverse osmosis of concentrated water is protected and can run at a high recovery rate, water and pollutants entering a crystallizing evaporator are reduced, meanwhile, the salt concentration of water is increased, and the operational stability of the crystallizing evaporator is improved.

The invention provides a washing method of oxalic acid precipitation. The mechanism of the method comprises: acid in washing wastewater of the oxalic acid precipitation containing only inorganic acid and oxalic acid is extracted by amine extracting agent to enter organic phase to obtain purified water capable of washing the precipitation, and high concentration alkaline aqueous solution is used to directly neutralize the acid in the organic phase to make the organic phase to be reused. The method has the advantages of large treatment capacity of wastewater, fast reaction speed, rapid phasesplitting, low cost of reagents and small energy consumption, reduces the environmental pollution and recycles comprehensively water resource at the same time, reduces the discharge of wastewater greatly, increases the salinity of the discharged wastewater, reduces the difficulty of further recovery, and reduces the processing cost of wastewater greatly. The recycling of the washing wastewater of the oxalic acid precipitation reduces the impurities brought in the washing water, and improves the quality of the precipitation.

Devices and methods for producing purified water. The device includes a reverse osmosis subsystem, a dehumidification subsystem and a purified water storage tank fluidly coupled to the subsystems such that purified water produced by each can be locally stored. A vehicular platform, such as a ship, can be used to locate the device adjacent a supply of saline water and humid air. A saline water inlet, membrane and purified water outlet cooperate in the reverse osmosis subsystem to allow preferential passage of water relative to salt in a saline water supply, while the dehumidification subsystem includes a heat exchanger that extracts moisture from the ambient humid air. Purified water produced by each of the subsystems can be used as a potable water source. When used in conjunction with a ship, part or all of the reverse osmosis subsystem can be submersed to a depth sufficient to generate a hydrostatic pressure that is in turn sufficient to passively operate the reverse osmosis membrane such that additional pressurizing equipment, such as a pump, is not needed. Furthermore, the temperature of the water purified by the reverse osmosis subsystem may be low enough to be used as a condensing agent for the ambient humid air passing through the dehumidification subsystem.

A process is provided for bioremediating petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater by applying at least one electron acceptor salt to a ground surface overlying the contaminated groundwater. The process includes identifying characteristics of the aquifer, in which the contaminated groundwater is found, to enable treatment of aquifers at a range of depths below the ground surface.

The invention discloses a salifying reactor and a method for preparing isocyanate by adopting the same. The reactor comprises a kettle body, a crude salt system, a refined salt system, a disc distributor, a fluid director and a mechanical stirrer; the crude salt system comprises a gas-phase feeding distributor, a liquid-phase feeding distributor and a cylindrical perforated plate, wherein the liquid-phase feeding distributor and the gas-phase feeding distributor are respectively communicated with a gas-phase feeding pipe and a liquid-phase feeding pipe; and the refined salt system comprises a rotary grinding cylinder and a grinding sheet. Through the reactor, the conversion rate of amino salifying can be improved while the salifying efficiency is improved; and the yield and the product quality of isocyanate are effectively improved by reducing the particle size of hydrochloride particles.

Devices and methods for producing purified water. The device includes a reverse osmosis subsystem, a dehumidification subsystem and a purified water storage tank fluidly coupled to the subsystems such that purified water produced by each can be locally stored. A vehicular platform, such as a ship, can be used to locate the device adjacent a supply of saline water and humid air. A saline water inlet, membrane and purified water outlet cooperate in the reverse osmosis subsystem to allow preferential passage of water relative to salt in a saline water supply, while the dehumidification subsystem includes a heat exchanger that extracts moisture from the ambient humid air. Purified water produced by each of the subsystems can be used as a potable water source. When used in conjunction with a ship, part or all of the reverse osmosis subsystem can be submersed to a depth sufficient to generate a hydrostatic pressure that is in turn sufficient to passively operate the reverse osmosis membrane such that additional pressurizing equipment, such as a pump, is not needed. Furthermore, the temperature of the water purified by the reverse osmosis subsystem may be low enough to be used as a condensing agent for the ambient humid air passing through the dehumidification subsystem.

A hydrolyzed marine protein product, a method for the production of the product, a feed product for animals, including humans, and a culture medium including the hydrolyzed marine protein product. The protein product may be hydrolyzed by enzymatic activity, bacterial activity, acids, cooking or any combination of these. The protein product may also include stickwater peptide fraction containing bioactive peptides. Feed product could be any nutritional product consumable by any animal including humans.