The invention discloses a device and method for automatically detecting the water quality of an oilfield wet steam generator. The device comprises an operating display panel, a main control board, a closed detection bin and a reagent storage matrix chamber, wherein the closed detection bin is connected with the reagent storage matrix chamber, a water sample inlet of the wet steam generator and a water sample outlet respectively; and the main control board is connected with the operating display panel, the water sample inlet of the wet steam generator, the water sample outlet, an electronic eye, a cleaning dryer and the reagent storage matrix chamber respectively. When the water quality is detected, corresponding water samples are extracted and titrated with various reagents in sequence and mixed, human eyes are simulated by an electronic means to realize parameter feedback of color, color saturation and the like, multiple dynamic curves are generated and compared with a standard curve, titration is stopped after high fitting, and the water hardness, steam dryness and sodium sulfite excess quantity of the wet steam generator are calculated, so that automatic on-line detection of water quality parameters is realized, the problems of water quality detection lag, low precision and the like of the wet steam generator are effectively solved, the steam injection quality is improved and the safety production of the wet steam generator is guaranteed at the same time.