The invention provides a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope based on wide spectrum laser pumping. The nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope comprises a light path detection part, a pumping light path part, a polarized light path part, a photoelectric detection part, a signal demodulation circuit, an atomic gas chamber, a heating body, a magnetic compensation coil, a magnetic shielding body, an aluminum alloy shell, a laser drive power supply, a temperature control circuit and a magnetic field drive circuit. According to the nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, alkali metals are polarized by adopting broadband laser pumping, the line width of broadband laser is more than a superfine energy level splitting gap, and the polarizability of a working medium can be effectively improved. Moreover, an external magnetic field is attenuated by adopting the magnetic shielding body, current is applied to generate a magnetic field in the magnetic compensation coil so as to compensate the residual magnetic field, so that a disturbing magnetic field is effectively isolated. Furthermore, detected light is divided into two paths for performing detection and reception, a gyro signal can be acquired by virtue of difference processing, and gyro common-mode noise can be effectively suppressed.