The invention discloses a sampling device for an on-line continuous detection system for flue gas discharge, which is characterized in that the sampling device is composed of a sampling and ash removal mechanism, a controller and a sampling pump. The sampling and dust removal mechanism is used to collect sample gas and remove dust in the gas, and is composed of a main structure, a backflush controller, a backflush air pipe, a cleaning controller, a flue gas sample gas outlet, a dust removal filter element, and a cleaning actuator. The controller is composed of a frequency converter, a microcomputer, a flue gas flow rate sampling interface, a control output interface, an output interface of the frequency converter, and a power supply wire interface. Synchronization of samples is achieved. The sampling pump is composed of a control line interface, a fan, a sample gas inlet for flue gas detection, and an outlet for excess sample gas. The invention solves the problems of sampling blockage, synchronous sampling and negative pressure sampling, and can be used for gas detection and sampling for controlling the production process in harsh environments, and is also suitable for environmental protection detection and sampling of various gases.