The invention discloses a high temperature resistant material for an internal conveying tube of a thermal power conveying pipeline and a preparation method of the high temperature resistant material. The high temperature resistant material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-18 parts of polyurethane resin, 8-16 parts of epoxy resin, 2-6 parts of magnesium oxide, 2-5 parts of lead oxide, 3-8 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 2-5 parts of an anti-aging agent 4010NA, 1-4 parts of a curing agent, 1-4 parts of an antioxidant, 2-6 parts of rare earth oxides and 2-6 parts of titanium carbide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the magnesium oxide, the lead oxide, the aluminum hydroxide, the rare earth oxides and the titanium carbide, and calcining in a high temperature furnace; grinding in a ball mill; mixing the polyurethane resin, the epoxy resin, the anti-aging agent 4010NA, the curing agent and the antioxidant, adding powder materials, and stirring so as to obtain a granular material; performing sizing, traction and cooling molding on the granular material by using a molding machine. The high temperature resistant material has the advantages of being excellent in high temperature resistance property, long in service life and the like.