The invention relates to agricultural equipment, and discloses a hydraulic power system of a high-speed combined harvesting and planting management machine, which is mainly applicable for changing matching power of the hydraulic power system of the high-speed combined harvesting and planting management machine suitably based on different needed powers and different working properties during agricultural production mechanical process so as to efficiently ensure large and medium-sized agricultural machinery equipment to realize low carbon, energy conservation, consumption reduction and realize environment protection and safety. The hydraulic power system of the high-speed combined harvesting and planting management machine is mainly composed of 1, a front lifting hydraulic oil cylinder, 2, a diesel engine, 3, a hydraulic pump, 4, a single-way valve, 5, a left pilot valve, 6, a working platform multistage lifting cylinder, 7, a first rotary cultivator drive hydraulic motor, 8, a multi-way control valve, 9, a second rotary cultivator drive hydraulic motor, 10, a third rotary cultivator drive hydraulic motor, 11, a gearbox drive hydraulic motor, 12, a first energy storage tank, ..., 21, a third diesel engine hydraulic pump unit, and the like.