An aluminum alloy surface chemical method belongs to the fine chemical field. The treatment method is to put the aluminum alloy into the bath liquid containing potassium permanganate 0.01 to 10g/L, titanous sulfate 0.01 to 5g/L, wetter sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.1 to 10g/L, with the pH value being 1 to 4, and the temperature of 40 to 90DEG C to treat for 1 to 8 minutes, and then seal with boiled water for 20 to 30 minutes, and finally an even, fine golden conversion film with certain thickness is obtained on the surface of the aluminum alloy. The conversion film has excellent corrosion resistance performance. The invention can well solve the problems that products or emission during or after treatment of the current chromate solution to the aluminum alloy surface contain sexivalent chromium, which severely pollute the environment and harm the health of human body, etc; and the corrosion resistance of the invention is equal to that after treatment by the chromate solution.