This invention discloses a
submarine cable acoustic
monitoring system based on scattering-type
fiber optic
fingerprint technology, belonging to the field of
fiber optic sensing technology. The
system includes a
light source module, a transmitting module, a
submarine cable
fiber optic sensing unit, a dual-balanced
detector module, and a
signal processing module. In the
light source module, the
continuous light output from the
laser is split into a probe light and a local reference light by a dynamic
beam splitter. The probe light is modulated and injected into the
submarine cable fiber, and the resulting backscattered Rayleigh light carries acoustic information back. The dual-balanced
detector module has a built-in
light intensity monitoring unit that monitors the
light intensity of the reference light and the
scattered light in real time. By comparing the two intensities, it sends a
feedback control signal to the dynamic
beam splitter, dynamically adjusting the splitting ratio to maximize the interference term
intensity coefficient, thereby improving the
signal amplitude and sensing sensitivity. This invention solves the problems of limited sensing distance and high
laser linewidth requirements in traditional systems, and is suitable for long-distance, high-reliability
submarine cable acoustic
event monitoring and location in deep-sea environments.