The invention discloses a method for preparing a self-lubricating composite membrane layer on the surface of a titanium alloy drill rod through a two-step method. The method mainly comprises the following steps of S1, pretreating a sample surface; S2, preparing an electrolyte, setting micro-arc oxidation process parameters, and carrying out micro-arc oxidation treatment on the sample; S3, rinsingthe sample thoroughly with water, and drying; S4, preparing a PTFE-graphite composite emulsion, setting the contents of PTFE and graphite, and uniformly mixing and stirring; S5, placing the titanium alloy drill rod sample treated through S3 into the heated PTFE-graphite composite emulsion, and heating for 20 to 50min at the constant temperature of 50 DEG C; S6, curing the titanium alloy drill rodsample treated through S5, rising the temperature to 100 to 200 DEG C, and preserving heat for 20 to 50min; S7, continuously curing the titanium alloy drill rod sample treated through S6, rising the temperature to 200 to 300 DEG C, preserving heat for 10 to 30min, and then gradually cooling to room temperature. According to the method provided by the invention, the composite membrane layer with excellent wear resistance can be formed, and the problem that the titanium alloy drill rod is poor in wear resistance is solved.